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A NOVEL ACTIVE ELECTRODE BOOK FOR MULTI-FUNCTIONAL RESTORATION AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY

用于脊髓损伤后多功能恢复的新型活性电极书

基本信息

批准号：
EP/F009593/1
负责人：
Andreas Demosthenous
金额：
$ 62.31万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF009593%2F1
关键词：
NOVEL ACTIVE ELECTRODE BOOK MULTI

项目摘要

It has been shown that electrical stimulation of the lumbar and sacral anterior and posterior nerve roots in the spinal canal can restore many functions to people with serious spinal cord injury, to improve their health and quality of life. This requires the use of many stimulating electrodes. However, a major concern in implanted nerve root stimulators for chronic use with patients is safety. Electrodes that are meant for stimulation could, under fault conditions, corrode or electrolyse water in the tissue causing nerve damage. This danger is usually diminished and made acceptable by placing a large blocking capacitor (in the uF range) in series with each stimulating electrode. These capacitors determine the physical size of the stimulator which is too large to fit in the spinal canal. Thus, existing implanted devices have a subcutaneous stimulator connected with cables to the intra-thecal nerve root electrodes. Surgeons consider that it is an unacceptable surgical risk to increase the number of cables which pass through the dura, and this limits the number of functions that can be obtained. This is a serious disadvantage given the number of valuable functions that have been shown to be possible. One way to overcome this limitation is to generate the stimulation currents close to the electrodes, inside the dura, but that means that the size of the electronic package must be very small and yet it must still be safe. We have invented a method which allows us to use blocking capacitors as small as 50pF, so that the complete stimulator can be integrated on a single silicon chip, and still be fail-safe. In this research, we propose to develop the technology in the form of an active electrode book that may be directly implanted in the human spinal canal for multi-functional restoration after spinal cord injury. In addition, we will develop new minimal integrated circuit sealing methods for use in small implanted devices, and a new micro-fabrication method to cut the platinum electrodes out of foil with a laser and join them to the stimulator chip. Prototype active electrode books will be produced that will be made available for subsequent pilot studies in patients. The project is a multidisciplinary collaboration between University College London, the Tyndall National Institute in Ireland, and the University of Freiburg in Germany.

已经证明，电刺激椎管内的腰骶前、后神经根可以恢复严重脊髓损伤患者的许多功能，改善他们的健康和生活质量。这需要使用许多刺激电极。然而，植入式神经根刺激器长期用于患者的主要问题是安全性。在故障条件下，用于刺激的电极可能腐蚀或电解组织中的水，导致神经损伤。通过将大的隔直电容器（在uF范围内）与每个刺激电极串联，通常可以减少这种危险并使其变得可接受。这些电容器决定了刺激器的物理尺寸，刺激器太大而无法放入椎管。因此，现有的植入装置具有通过电缆连接到鞘内神经根电极的皮下刺激器。外科医生认为增加穿过硬脑膜的线缆数量是不可接受的手术风险，这限制了可以获得的功能数量。这是一个严重的缺点，因为已经证明可能的有价值的功能的数量。克服这种限制的一种方法是在硬脑膜内靠近电极产生刺激电流，但这意味着电子封装的尺寸必须非常小，但仍然必须安全。我们发明了一种方法，允许我们使用小到50pF的隔直电容器，这样完整的刺激器可以集成在单个硅芯片上，并且仍然是故障安全的。在这项研究中，我们建议以有源电极书的形式开发该技术，该技术可以直接植入人体椎管内，用于脊髓损伤后的多功能修复。此外，我们将开发用于小型植入设备的新的最小集成电路密封方法，以及一种新的微加工方法，用激光从箔中切割铂电极并将其连接到刺激器芯片上。将制作原型有源电极手册，供后续患者试点研究使用。该项目是伦敦大学学院、爱尔兰的廷德尔国家研究所和德国的弗赖堡大学之间的多学科合作。