MULTIPHASE FLOW IN VERTICAL AND DEVIATED PIPES

垂直管道和斜管中的多相流

• 批准号: EP/F017448/1
• 负责人: Omar Matar
• 金额: $ 30.01万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF017448%2F1
• 关键词: MULTIPHASE; FLOW; VERTICAL; DEVIATED; PIPES

This proposal addresses the vital issue of prediction of multiphase flows in large diameter risers in off-shore hydrocarbon recovery. The riser is essentially a vertical or near-vertical pipe connecting the sea-bed collection pipe network (the flowlines) to a sea-surface installation, typically a floating receiving and processing vessel. In the early years of oil and gas exploration and production, the oil and gas companies selected the largest and most accessible off-shore fields to develop first. In these systems, the risers were relatively short and had modest diameters. However, as these fields are being depleted, the oil and gas companies are being forced to look further afield for replacement reserves capable of being developed economically. This, then, has led to increased interest in deeper waters, and harsher and more remote environments, most notably in the Gulf of Mexico, the Brazilian Campos basin, West of Shetlands and the Angolan Aptian basin. Many of the major deepwater developments are located in water depths exceeding 1km (e.g. Elf's Girassol at 1300m or Petrobras' Roncador at 1500-2000m). To transport the produced fluids in such systems with the available pressure driving forces has led naturally to the specification of risers of much greater diameter (typically 300 mm) than those used previously (typically 75 mm). Investments in such systems have been, and will continue to be, huge (around $35 billion up to 2005) with the riser systems accounting for around 20% of the costs. Prediction of the performance of the multiphase flow riser systems is of vital importance but, very unfortunately, available methods for such prediction are of doubtful validity. The main reason for this is that the available data and methods have been based on measurements on smaller diameter tubes (typically 25-75 mm) and on the interpretation of these measurements in terms of the flow patterns occurring in such tubes. These flow patterns are typically bubble, slug, churn and annular flows. The limited amount of data available shows that the flow patterns in larger tubes may be quite different and that, within a given flow pattern, the detailed phenomena may also be different. For instance, there are reasons to believe that slug flow of the normal type (with liquid slugs separated by Taylor bubbles of classical shape) may not exist in large pipes. Methods to predict such flows with confidence will be improved significantly by means of an integrated programme of work at three universities (Nottingham, Cranfield and Imperial College) which will involve both larger scale investigations as well as investigations into specific phenomena at a more intimate scale together with modelling studies. Large facilities at Nottingham and Cranfield will be used for experiments in which the phase distribution about the pipe cross section will be measured using novel instrumentation which can handle a range of fluids. The Cranfield tests will be at a very large diameter (250 mm) but will be confined to vertical, air/water studies with special emphasis on large bubbles behaviour. In contrast those at Nottingham will employ a slightly smaller pipe diameter (125 mm) but will use newly built facilities in which a variety of fluids can be employed to vary physical properties systematically and can utilise vertical and slightly inclined test pipes. The work to be carried out at Imperial College will be experimental and numerical. The former will focus on examining the spatio-temporal evolution of waves in churn and annular flows in annulus geometries; the latter will use interface-tracking methods to perform simulations of bubbles in two-phase flow and will also focus on the development of a computer code capable of predicting reliably the flow behaviour in large diameter pipes. This code will use as input the information distilled from the other work-packages regarding the various flow regimes along the pipe.

该提案解决了在离岸碳氢化合物回收中预测多相流的至关重要问题。立管本质上是将海床收集管网（流程线）连接到海面安装的垂直或近垂直管，通常是浮动接收和加工容器。在石油和天然气勘探和生产的早期，石油和天然气公司选择了最大，最容易获得的离岸田地，以开发。在这些系统中，立管相对较短，直径适中。但是，随着这些领域的耗尽，石油和天然气公司被迫更远地寻找能够经济发展的替代储备。因此，这导致人们对更深的水域以及更严酷，更偏远的环境的兴趣增加，最著名的是在墨西哥湾，巴西坎波斯盆地，设得兰群岛以西和安哥拉Aptian盆地。许多主要的深水开发项目都位于超过1公里的水深处（例如，1300m的小精灵的吉拉索尔（Elf）的吉拉索尔（Girassol）或1500-2000m的petrobras'Roncador）。在具有可用压力驱动力的此类系统中，生产的流体自然而然地导致直径更高（通常为300 mm）的立管的规格（通常为300 mm）（通常为75 mm）。在此类系统上的投资已经并且将继续是巨大的（截至2005年，约350亿美元），Riser Systems占费用的20％。对多相流动系统的性能的预测至关重要，但不幸的是，这种预测的可用方法是可疑的有效性。这样做的主要原因是，可用的数据和方法基于对较小的直径管（通常为25-75 mm）的测量，并且根据这些测量值的解释，以这些测量模式在此类管中发生的流动模式。这些流动模式通常是气泡，sl，搅动和环形流动。有限的可用数据表明，较大管中的流动模式可能完全不同，并且在给定的流动模式中，详细现象也可能不同。例如，有理由相信正常类型的sl液流量（液体sl骨被经典形状的泰勒气泡隔开）可能不存在于大管道中。通过在三所大学（诺丁汉，克兰菲尔德和帝国学院）的综合工作计划来大大改善置信度的方法，该方法将涉及大规模的研究以及对更亲密的规模以及建模研究的特定现象的调查。诺丁汉和克兰菲尔德的大型设施将用于实验，其中将使用可以处理一系列流体的新型仪器来测量管道横截面的相位分布。 Cranfield测试将达到非常大的直径（250毫米），但将局限于垂直，空气/水研究，并特别强调大气泡行为。相比之下，诺丁汉的那些将采用稍小的管道直径（125毫米），但将使用新建的设施，在这些设施中，可以系统地使用各种流体来系统地改变物理性能，并可以利用垂直和稍微倾斜的测试管。在帝国大学进行的工作将是实验性和数字性的。前者将着重研究环形几何形状中流动和环形流中波的时空演化；后者将使用接口跟踪方法在两相流中执行气泡的模拟，还将集中于开发计算机代码，能够可靠地预测大直径管中的流动行为。该代码将用作输入从其他工作包中蒸馏出的有关管道各种流程的信息。

项目成果

Flow regime transitions in large diameter pipes

大直径管道中的流态转变

• 作者: Deng Peng (Author)

The effect of pipe diameter on the structure of gas/liquid flow in vertical pipes

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2009.11.010
• 发表时间: 2010-04
• 期刊: International Journal of Multiphase Flow
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: R. Kaji;B. Azzopardi

Effect of Inclination on Slug Flow Characteristics

倾角对段塞流特性的影响

• DOI: 10.1115/imece2010-38119
• 发表时间: 2010
• 作者: AbdulKareem L

Investigation of flow development of co-current gas-liquid vertical slug flow

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2009.01.004
• 发表时间: 2009-04-01
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Kaji, R.;Azzopardi, B. J.;Lucas, D.
• 通讯作者: Lucas, D.

Disturbance wave development in two-phase gas-liquid upwards vertical annular flow

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2013.04.001
• 发表时间: 2013-10-01
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Zhao, Yujie;Markides, Christos N.;Hewitt, Geoffrey F.
• 通讯作者: Hewitt, Geoffrey F.