Oral Health of Latino and Ethiopian Children and Their Mothers

简介（由申请人提供）：摘要随着健康人群2010和卫生与人类服务部（DHHS）战略计划的启动；消除保健和保健方面的差距的目标已被牢牢地列入国家卫生议程。为了实现这些目标，医学研究所的不平等待遇报告建议国土安全部监测消除医疗保健差距的进展情况。该报告指出，针对非裔美国少数群体的医疗保健差异的研究相对缺乏。龋齿及其并发症是国家牙科和颅面研究所消除健康差距计划的特别目标。尽管在了解龋齿过程和预防龋齿的工具方面取得了重大进展，但龋齿仍然是儿童，特别是少数民族和低收入儿童中最普遍的传染病。学龄前儿童的龋齿，也被称为幼儿龋齿，是一个特别值得关注的问题，因为它的有害影响会在以后的生活中出现，而且它的治疗需要专门的护理，即使在手术室里也需要全身麻醉。儿童早期龋齿是指在71个月或更小的儿童中，任何乳牙表面出现1个或更多的蛀牙（非空腔或空腔病变）、缺失（由于龋齿）或填充。这个以社区为基础的混合方法参与性研究项目的总体目标是提高对拉丁裔和埃塞俄比亚儿童及其母亲使用牙科保健服务的早期儿童龋齿以及障碍和促进因素的了解。这个项目有四个主要目的：(2)比较城市社区卫生中心牙科服务使用者和非使用者的人口统计学和社会文化特征；(3)确定拉丁裔的龋齿率和风险标记（在目标1和2中确定）；接受牙科服务的0-5岁埃塞俄比亚儿童和其他儿童及其主要照顾者母亲，以及(4)为城市社区保健中心的工作人员提供培训师口腔健康教育。该项目将提供有关中/南美洲和埃塞俄比亚移民口腔健康、父母对幼儿牙痛的态度和信念以及母亲口腔健康知识、信念和态度的必要信息。通过该合作项目获得的信息将用于规划华盛顿特区联邦合格健康中心（FQHC）（玛丽妇幼保健中心）以及华盛顿特区以外的其他中/南美和埃塞俄比亚社区的口腔健康教育工作，并支持NHLBI西班牙裔社区健康研究的辅助口腔健康研究，以及临床试验计划拨款。公共卫生相关性：关于龋齿（儿童中最常见的传染病）的信息；使用牙科服务；将通过焦点小组、健康访谈调查和对在城市社区卫生中心就诊的0-5岁拉丁裔和埃塞俄比亚儿童及其主要照顾者母亲的牙科检查，收集口腔卫生知识、态度和行为。这些信息将用于向城市社区保健中心的工作人员提供口腔健康教育。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Abstract With the launch of Healthy People 2010 and the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) strategic plan; goals to eliminate disparities in health and health care have been firmly placed on the national health agenda. To achieve these goals, the Institute of Medicine's Unequal Treatment report recommended that DHHS monitor progress toward the elimination of health care disparities. The report noted the relative paucity of research in health care disparities for non-African American minority groups. Dental caries and its complications are specifically targeted by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research's Plan to Eliminate Health Disparities. Despite significant advances in the understanding of the caries process and in the tools to prevent it, caries is still the most prevalent infectious disease among children, particularly minority and low-income children. Caries in preschool children, also known as Early Childhood Caries, is of particular concern given that its deleterious effects are seen later in life and its treatment requires specialized care even in the operating room under general anesthesia. Early Childhood Caries is the presence of 1 or more decayed (noncavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries), or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child 71 months of age or younger. The overall goal of this mixed-method, community based participatory research project is to improve understanding of early childhood caries and barriers and facilitators for dental care services utilization among Latino and Ethiopian children and their mothers. There are four main aims of this project: 1) Identify knowledge, attitudes and behaviors relating to oral health among mothers who are main caregivers of 0-5 year old Latino and Ethiopian children attending an urban community health center, (2) Compare demographic and sociocultural characteristics of users and nonusers of dental services at an urban community health center, (3) Determine the rate of caries and risk markers (identified in Aims 1 and 2) for Latino, Ethiopian and other children 0-5 years of age and their main caregiver mothers who receive dental services, and (4) Provide train- the-trainer oral health education for personnel of an urban community health center. This project will provide needed information regarding oral health of Central/South American and Ethiopian immigrants, parents' attitudes and beliefs towards dental pain in young children, and maternal oral health knowledge, beliefs and attitudes. Information gained through this collaborative project will be used to plan oral health education efforts at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) in Washington DC (Mary's Center for Maternal and Child Care), and other Central/South American and Ethiopian communities outside the DC area and support ancillary oral health studies for the NHLBI Hispanic Community Health Study, and a clinical trial planning grant. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Information on dental caries (the most common infectious disease among children); the use of dental services; and oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors will be gathered through focus groups, health interview surveys and dental examinations for 0-5 year old Latino and Ethiopian children and their main caregiver mothers attending an urban community health center. This information will be used to provide education on oral health to personnel of an urban community health center.