Attention Disengagement Training for Social Phobia

社交恐惧症的注意力脱离训练

• 批准号: 7489926
• 负责人: NADER AMIR
• 金额: $ 13.06万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-05 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7489926
• 关键词: Anxiety; Attention; Cognitive Science; Double-Blind Method; Drops; High Prevalence; Individual; Intervention; Interviewer; Measures; Mental disorders; Patient Self-Report; Pilot Projects; Placebos; Prevalence; Procedures; Rate; Research; Social Phobia; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Training; Treatment Effectiveness; computerized; cost; follow-up; functional disability; placebo controlled study; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Generalized Social Phobia (GSP) is characterized by severe social anxiety that leads to functional impairment (Schneider, et al., 1992). The prevalence of GSP is 13.3% (lifetime, Kessler, et al., 1994), ranking third among all psychiatric disorders. Despite its high prevalence, over 30% of individuals with social anxiety who need treatment do not receive treatment for a variety of reasons (e.g., afraid of what others might think, Olfson, et al., 2000). Additionally, 40% of individuals who present for treatment do not respond (39% Heimberg, et al., 1998; 42%, Liebowitz et al., 2005). Thus, there is a clear need to develop highly effective and efficient treatment procedures for social phobia. This three-year proposal aims to test a computerized treatment for social anxiety in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Specifically, research suggests that individuals with social phobia direct their attention toward socially-relevant negative information. Therefore, the treatment will focus on changing this attention bias and thereby alleviate symptoms of social anxiety. We present the results of a pilot study (n=26) in treatment seeking socially phobic individuals demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment. A larger study would allow us to test the treatment and perhaps modify its component to increase its efficacy. The preliminary results of the pilot are encouraging. In brief, our intervention was effective in: a) changing biased attention in socially anxious individuals, b) generalizing this change in disengagement of attention from threat to other measures of attention disengagement, c) reduce symptoms of social anxiety as assessed by an independent rater, d) maintain a high rate of compliance (0% drop out in the pilot study), and e) maintain its effects in follow-up assessment up to one year. This efficient and efficacious techniques for changing attention bias in social phobia can provide a cost-effective and easy to administer treatment that is grounded in basic cognitive science and may help reduce suffering in individuals with GSP. We will test two hypotheses in this proposal. 1) Individuals with GSP completing the Attention Disengagement Training (ADT) will show a larger reduction in their symptoms compared to the placebo group on an interviewer measure of social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, LSAS). 2) Individuals with GSP completing ADT will show a larger reduction in their self-report of social anxiety symptoms compared to the placebo group.

描述（由申请人提供）：广泛性社交恐惧症（GSP）的特点是严重的社交焦虑，导致功能障碍（Schneider 等，1992）。 GSP的患病率为13.3%（一生，Kessler等，1994），在所有精神疾病中排名第三。尽管患病率很高，但超过 30% 需要治疗的社交焦虑患者由于各种原因而没有接受治疗（例如，害怕别人会怎么想，Olfson 等人，2000 年）。此外，40% 前来接受治疗的人没有反应（39% Heimberg 等人，1998 年；42%，Liebowitz 等人，2005 年）。因此，显然需要开发针对社交恐惧症的高效且有效的治疗程序。这项为期三年的提案旨在通过双盲、安慰剂对照研究测试计算机化治疗社交焦虑的方法。具体来说，研究表明患有社交恐惧症的人会将注意力转向与社会相关的负面信息。因此，治疗的重点将是改变这种注意力偏差，从而缓解社交焦虑的症状。我们提出了一项针对社交恐惧症患者的试点研究（n=26）的结果，证明了该治疗的有效性。更大规模的研究将使我们能够测试这种治疗方法，并可能修改其成分以提高其疗效。试点的初步结果令人鼓舞。简而言之，我们的干预措施在以下方面是有效的：a）改变社交焦虑个体的偏见性注意力，b）将注意力脱离威胁的这种变化推广到其他注意力脱离措施，c）减少独立评估者评估的社交焦虑症状，d）保持较高的依从率（试点研究中的退出率为0％），e）在长达一年的后续评估中维持其效果。这种改变社交恐惧症注意力偏差的高效且有效的技术可以提供一种基于基础认知科学的经济有效且易于管理的治疗方法，并可能有助于减少 GSP 患者的痛苦。我们将测试该提案中的两个假设。 1) 与安慰剂组相比，完成注意力脱离训练（ADT）的 GSP 个体在访谈者的社交焦虑测量（利博维茨社交焦虑量表，LSAS）中表现出更大的症状减轻。 2) 与安慰剂组相比，完成 ADT 的 GSP 个体在自我报告的社交焦虑症状方面会表现出更大的减少。