High Throughput Discovery of Hydrogel Nanoclathrates

水凝胶纳米包合物的高通量发现

• 批准号: EP/F06229X/1
• 负责人: Andrew Cooper
• 金额: $ 18.9万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FF06229X%2F1
• 关键词: Throughput; Discovery; Hydrogel; Nanoclathrates

The development of new technology to enable the use of cleaner energy sources and carriers such as methane and hydrogen is a central challenge for society. This proposal focuses on the clathrate systems. Clathrates are cage-like structures which can physically trap small molecules such as methane and hydrogen. The gas molecules can then be released simply by melting the clathrate cages. Water-based clathrates are interesting because they are composed of environmentally-friendly substances - indeed, methane clathrates occur in the natural environment in very large quantities. A major problem, however, is that the time needed to fom gas clathrates is usually very slow - often many days are required for complete conversion to the clathrate. This is clearly a major disadvantage and essentially rules out clathrates for vehicle applications where charging times need to be (ideally) comparable to current refuelling times for petroleum vehicles - that this, a few minutes. It also restricts other potential uses of clathrate materials. For example, it is estimated that 70% of the total natural gas reserve on Earth is either too far from an existing pipeline or too small to justify a liquefaction facility - it has been suggested that it is economically feasible to transport this stranded gas in clathrated forms, but again slow gas charging kinetics becomes an important issue.In this project, we will focus on greatly enhancing gas clathrate formation rates. We will do this by using new polymers to reduce the size of the clathrate particles to a few nanometers - that is, many thousands of times smaller than current bulk systems. This will increase the surface to volume ratio enormously, and therefore the rate of gas uptake into the system will be increased by a factor of hundreds or thousands. If successful, this may represent the enabling technology for translating gas clathrates into practical use in clean energy storage. The proposal is a short-term feasibility study: to achieve the ambitious targets in the timescale proposed, we will employ high throughput methods in the Centre for Materials Discovery in Liverpool. That is, we will employ automated synthesis robots to produce libraries of polymer nanomaterials (24-48 materials per library) very rapidly. We will also use rapid screening methods that we have developed to evaluate the gas storage capacities of these new systems. The use of high throughput approaches will allow us to look at many more systems in a short timescale and therefore will maximise our chances of finding polymers which give rise to a real step change in performance for this application.

开发新技术，使甲烷和氢气等清洁能源和载体的使用成为可能，是社会面临的一项核心挑战。本提案侧重于笼形体系。笼形化合物是笼状结构，可以物理捕获小分子，如甲烷和氢气。气体分子可以简单地通过熔化笼形笼而释放出来。水基包合物是有趣的，因为它们由环境友好的物质组成-事实上，甲烷包合物在自然环境中大量存在。然而，一个主要的问题是形成气体包合物所需的时间通常非常缓慢-通常需要许多天才能完全转化为包合物。这显然是一个主要的缺点，并且基本上排除了用于车辆应用的包合物，其中充电时间需要（理想地）与石油车辆的当前加油时间相当-即几分钟。它还限制了笼形材料的其他潜在用途。例如，据估计，地球上70%的天然气总储量要么离现有管道太远，要么太小，不足以证明液化设施的合理性-有人建议，以笼形物的形式运输这种滞留气体在经济上是可行的，但缓慢的气体充注动力学再次成为一个重要问题。在本项目中，我们将专注于大大提高气体笼形物的形成速率。我们将通过使用新的聚合物将笼形物颗粒的尺寸减小到几纳米-也就是说，比当前的散装系统小数千倍。这将极大地增加表面积与体积的比率，因此气体吸收到系统中的速率将增加数百或数千倍。如果成功，这可能代表将气体包合物转化为清洁能源储存的实际用途的技术。该提案是一项短期可行性研究：为了在提出的时间表内实现雄心勃勃的目标，我们将在利物浦的材料发现中心采用高通量方法。也就是说，我们将使用自动化合成机器人非常快速地生产聚合物纳米材料库（每个库24-48种材料）。我们还将使用我们开发的快速筛选方法来评估这些新系统的气体储存能力。高通量方法的使用将使我们能够在短时间内观察更多的系统，因此将最大化我们发现聚合物的机会，该聚合物引起该应用的性能的真实的阶跃变化。

项目成果

Gas hydrates and semi-clathrate hydrates for H2 and CH4 storage: Kinetics, capacity and stability

用于储存 H2 和 CH4 的气体水合物和半笼形水合物：动力学、容量和稳定性

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: B Carter

Reversible Hydrogen Storage in Hydrogel Clathrate Hydrates

• DOI: 10.1002/adma.200803402
• 发表时间: 2009-06
• 期刊: Advanced Materials
• 影响因子: 29.4
• 作者: F. Su;C. Bray;Benjamin O. Carter;G. Overend;C. Cropper;J. Iggo;Y. Khimyak;A. Fogg;A. Cooper

Rattling the cages: Methane storage at room temperature and pressure, in crystalline clathrates

笼子里的嘎嘎声：室温和压力下的甲烷储存在结晶包合物中

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: B Carter

'Dry bases': carbon dioxide capture using alkaline dry water

• DOI: 10.1039/c3ee44124e
• 发表时间: 2014-05-01
• 期刊: ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 32.5
• 作者: Dawson, Robert;Stevens, Lee A.;Cooper, Andrew I.
• 通讯作者: Cooper, Andrew I.