Recall and Survivor Bias: Impact on SES-CVD Associations

描述(由申请人提供)：这份修订后的申请于107/01/04(R01 HL81627-01A1)首次提交，建议调查不利的早期生活社会经济地位(SES)对成年后慢性疾病发展的贡献，是当前流行病学研究的一个感兴趣的领域。人们通常在中年时使用父亲的职业来评估早年的社会经济状况，但很少有人评估这些替代方法的准确性。此外，早期生命SES有时是在队列开始后确定的，这造成了发现有偏见的可能性，因为SES较低的人失去随访和死亡率往往更高。我们将在生命过程SES、社会背景和心血管疾病(LC-SES)研究的背景下解决这些问题，该研究收集了基线后约15年的一组中老年参与者的早期生活SES。这项研究的第一个目的是从历史记录(出生和死亡证明、社会保障记录和个人人口普查记录)中获取约2800名死者的早期社会保障数据，其中许多人在参与LC-SES研究之前死亡。第二个目的是评估从历史记录中获得的早期生活SES与参与LC-SES研究后死亡的死者子集中回顾的早期生活SES的可比性。然后，这些数据将用于敏感性分析，以评估召回错误的影响(如果有的话)。第三项研究的目的是比较处理丢失的早期生活SES数据的方法(完整案例分析、多重归因分析和历史记录分析)。方法学的比较将被用来评估在整个生命过程中SES之间的相关性研究中生存偏差对中后期心血管疾病相关健康状况的影响。综上所述，本研究试图提供早期生活自尊的验证数据，并对回忆错误和生存偏差的潜在程度提供估计；这两项研究都将对生命历程研究中一个研究不足的领域做出有价值的贡献。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revised application, first submitted on 107/01/04 (R01 HL81627-01A1), which proposes to investigate the contribution of adverse early life socioeconomic status (SES) to the development of chronic diseases in adulthood, is a current area of interest in epidemiologic research. Early life SES is often assessed at midlife using father's occupation but little has been done to evaluate the accuracy of these proxy approaches. Further, early life SES is sometimes ascertained after a cohort's inception, which creates the potential for biased findings since loss to follow-up and mortality tend to be greater among those with lower SES. We will address these issues in the context of the Life Course SES, Social Context, and Cardiovascular Disease (LC-SES) Study, which collected early life SES from survivors of a cohort of middle-aged and older participants about 15 years after baseline. The first aim of the study is to acquire early life SES data from historical records (birth and death certificates, social security records and individual census records) for approximately 2800 decedents, many of whom died prior to participating in the LC-SES Study. The second aim is to assess the comparability of early life SES obtained from historical records to retrospectively recalled early life SES in the subset of decedents who died after participating in the LC-SES Study. This data will be then used in sensitivity analyses to assess the impact, if any, of recall error. The third study aim is to compare methods for addressing missing early life SES data (complete case analysis, multiple imputation analysis, and historical record analysis). The comparison of methodologies will be used to assess the impact of survivorship bias in studies of the association between SES across the life course on CVD-related health conditions in mid to later adulthood. In summary, the proposed study seeks to provide validation data on retrospectively obtained early life SES and to provide estimates of the potential magnitude of recall error and survivorship bias; both would be valuable contributions to an understudied area in life course research.