A PERSON PORTABLE FAST RESPONDING EXHALED BREATH ANALYZER

便携式快速响应呼气分析仪

• 批准号: 7676394
• 负责人: Santosh Kumar Srivastava
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: CONTEMPORARY DEVICES COMPANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-24 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7676394
• 关键词: Acetone; Air; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Arsenic; Atmospheric Pressure; Back; Boxing; Breath Tests; Cadmium; Charge; Chemicals; Computer software; Count; Data; Detection; Diesel Exhaust; Dimensions; Distant; Electronics; Ethanol; Exhalation; Figs - dietary; Gases; Goals; Hand; Herbicides; Housing; Human; Internet; Ions; Isoprene; Journals; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Mercury; Metals; Methods; Monitor; Operative Surgical Procedures; Ozone; Paper; Performance; Persons; Pesticides; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Principal Investigator; Publishing; Pulse taking; Pump; Range; Respiratory Diaphragm; Small Business Funding Mechanisms; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Vacuum; Vacuum Pumps; Validation; Weight; Wireless Technology; Work; Writing; air sampling; base; concept; data acquisition; design; detector; field study; instrument; interest; ion source; lens; light weight; mass spectrometer; novel; particle; pressure; prototype; research and development; response; technical writing; time interval; transmission process; volatile organic compound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) It is proposed to develop (during phase I and II) a person portable, highly sensitive and selective, broad band, real time data acquisition, GPS enabled and remotely accessible by wireless or by internet a "Personal Exposure Monitor" for the detection of trace amounts of harmful chemical species present in the exhaled breath of a human being. This instrument will employ a novel atmospheric pressure "supersonic pulsed ion beam source, (SPIBS)" recently developed by the principal investigator of this proposal and a miniature focusing time-of-flight mass spectrometer (FTOF-MS), also developed by the principal investigator for NASA in the past (published in the NASA Tech Brief Journal, 2004). Utilizing this combination, mass spectra of exhaled breath, covering the entire mass range of chemicals of present interest, will be obtained by employing the charged particle counting technique that is capable of a large dynamic range permitting sensitive detection of trace species in an air sample where other chemical species may be present in high concentrations. The novelty lies in the fact that the exhaled breath will be introduced into the vacuum system, housing the miniature FTOF-MS and the charged particle detector, in the form of short pulses (~ 100 ms duration) of supersonic beams for mass analysis. This will reduce the load on the vacuum pumps that are normally used in routinely employed mass spectrometers where the sample of air to be mass analyzed is introduced continuously. This continuous introduction of air sample into the vacuum chamber of a mass spectrometer requires large and heavy vacuum pumps employing differential pumping methods. This makes them heavy, bulky and excessively power consuming. On the other hand, pulsed introduction reduces the gas load and permits the use of recently available light weight miniature vacuum pumps requiring low power for their operation. The principal investigator of this proposal has recently developed a vacuum system in which the room air can be introduced in the form of short pulses lasting approximately 100 ms without increasing the vacuum chamber's pressure beyond about 10-6 Torr. A TOF can be operated in this pressure range and several thousands TOF mass spectra can be obtained in this short interval of time. The "personal Exposure Monitor" proposed here for the analysis of exhaled breath will be person portable and can be accommodated in a back pack. It will have the following novel features: 1) Light weight (estimated to be less than 3.6 kg which includes a miniature Alcatel turbo pump, a diaphragm pump and an electronics box), 2) will operate with power provided by a 24 volts power pack consisting of miniature Li batteries put together in the form of a belt (weight of this belt is estimated to be less than 4 Kg), 3) it will be low power consuming ( less than 250 watts), 4) pulsed introduction of the exhaled breath for sensitive detection (ppb range) of chemicals of present interest, 5) real time and fast data acquisition, 6) wireless data transmission, and 7) capable of multiple analyte measurement or the measurement of ozone alone. Such an instrument is not commercially available at the present time to make any comparison. The R & D during the Phase I will utilize our breadboard instrument to prove the concept of pulsed introduction of contaminated air procured from gas companies, measure its sensitivity, and mass selectivity. During Phase II a person portable instrument will be fabricated by utilizing the results of Phase I and limited field tested.

描述（由申请人提供） 提议（在第一阶段和II期间）一个人便携式，高度敏感和选择性的，广泛的频段，实时数据获取，启用GPS，启用GPS和通过Internet远程访问，或者通过Internet访问一个“个人暴露监护仪”，以检测人类呼出的呼吸中存在的痕量有害化学物种。该仪器将采用一种新型的大气压力“超音速脉冲离子束源（SPIBS）”，该提案的主要研究人员最近开发了该提案的主要研究者，以及过去的NASA主要研究人员开发的微型飞行时间质谱仪（FTOF-MS）（过去曾在NASA Tech简介杂志上发表，2004年）。利用这种组合，将通过使用带电的粒子计数技术来获得呼气的呼吸质谱，涵盖了当前感兴趣的整个质量范围，该化学物质可以在其他化学物种中可能存在高浓度的其他化学物种中的痕量敏感范围。新颖性在于，呼出的呼吸将被引入真空系统中，将微型FTOF-MS和带电的粒子探测器放置，以短脉冲（〜100 ms的持续时间）的超音速束的形式进行质量分析。这将减少通常在常规使用的质谱仪中使用的真空泵上的负载，在这些质谱仪中连续引入要分析的空气样本。将空气样品连续引入质谱仪的真空室需要采用差分抽水方法的大型和重型真空泵。这使它们变得沉重，笨重且电力过多。另一方面，脉冲引入减少了气体负荷，并允许使用最近可用的轻质微型真空泵，需要低功率才能运行。该提案的主要研究者最近开发了一个真空系统，在该系统中，可以以持续约100毫秒的短脉冲的形式引入房间空气，而无需将真空室的压力增加到约10-6 Torr。可以在此压力范围内操作TOF，并且在此短时间间隔内可以获得数千个TOF质谱。此处提出的“个人曝光监视器”用于分析呼气的呼吸，将是可移植的，可以容纳在背包中。它将具有以下新颖功能：1）轻重（估计小于3.6千克，包括微型阿尔卡特涡轮泵泵，膜片泵和电子盒），2）2）将用24伏电源包装提供的电源，由小型电池组成的微型电池组成的小电池组成的小电池（估计比4 k）的重量（比4 k），比较少于4 k）。瓦特），4）脉冲引入呼气的呼吸，以进行目前感兴趣的化学物质敏感检测（PPB范围），5）实时和快速数据获取，6）无线数据传输，以及7）能够进行多个分析物测量或单独测量臭氧。目前，这种仪器无法在商业上提供任何比较。我将在阶段进行研发，我将利用我们的面包板仪器来证明从天然气公司采购的污染空气，衡量其敏感性和质量选择性的概念。在第二阶段，将通过使用I期的结果和有限的现场测试来制造人员便携式仪器。