Genetics, Vulnerable Populations and Health Disparities

遗传学、弱势群体和健康差异

• 批准号: 7249184
• 负责人: Alexandra E Shields
• 金额: $ 24.68万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7249184
• 关键词: asthma; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; diabetes mellitus; ethics; focus groups; genetic susceptibility; health care policy; health disparity; health science research support; health services research tag; information dissemination; racial /ethnic difference; tobacco abuse; training

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ultimate aim of genetic research is to improve human health and prevent disease. One key measure of success in translating new genetic knowledge into improved health will be the extent to which genomic medicine reduces existing health disparities. We propose to develop a CEER on "Genetics, Vulnerable Populations and Health Disparities" dedicated to examining the complex intersection of emerging genetic research and the persistent problem of health disparities through in-depth analysis of 3 key clinical areas: tobacco dependence, asthma, and diabetes. Each of these conditions is marked by high prevalence (together, these conditions affect 85M (29%) of Americans), persistent health disparities (by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status) and significant genetic findings related to disease etiology and/or response to treatment. Genomic advances in the treatment and prevention of these conditions - appropriately applied in clinical practice - would thus have far-reaching potential to improve not only our nation's health, but also to reduce existing health disparities across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic lines. Specific aims are: (1) to identify and prioritize key ELSI issues related to the conduct, communication and translation of genetic research on tobacco dependence, asthma and diabetes; (2) develop a research agenda to address these concerns; (3) analyze high priority, policy-relevant issues (through 3-4 papers) to inform ongoing policy discussions and lay the groundwork for future research; (4) develop the capacity to monitor the equitable diffusion of emergent genetic-based treatments across racial/ethnic communities and Medicaid vs. privately insured individuals in the U.S. through completion of a feasibility study; (5) collect appropriate pilot data (e.g. focus groups, key informant interviews) to inform the P5O Center proposal; (6) provide training for a minority graduate student and develop a training component to encourage new ELSI investigators from underrepresented minority communities; and (7) submit a competitive P50 CEER proposal.

描述（由申请人提供）：基因研究的最终目的是改善人类健康和预防疾病。在将新的遗传知识转化为改善健康方面取得成功的一个关键衡量标准将是基因组医学在多大程度上缩小现有的健康差距。我们建议建立一个关于“遗传学，弱势群体和健康差异”的CEER，致力于通过深入分析三个关键临床领域：烟草依赖，哮喘和糖尿病，来检查新兴基因研究和健康差异持续存在的问题的复杂交集。这些疾病的特点是高患病率（总共影响8500万（29%）美国人）、持续存在的健康差异（按种族/民族和社会经济地位划分）以及与疾病病因和/或治疗反应相关的重要遗传发现。因此，在治疗和预防这些疾病方面的基因组进展——适当地应用于临床实践——将具有深远的潜力，不仅可以改善我们国家的健康，而且还可以缩小种族/民族和社会经济界线之间现有的健康差距。具体目标是：(1)确定并优先考虑与烟草依赖、哮喘和糖尿病基因研究的开展、交流和转化有关的关键ELSI问题；(2)制定研究议程以解决这些问题；(3)分析高优先级的政策相关问题（通过3-4篇论文），为正在进行的政策讨论提供信息，并为未来的研究奠定基础；(4)通过完成一项可行性研究，发展监测紧急基因治疗在美国种族/民族社区和医疗补助与私人保险个人之间公平传播的能力；(5)收集适当的试点数据（如焦点小组、关键信息提供者访谈），为p50中心提案提供信息；(6)为少数民族研究生提供培训，并制定培训内容，以鼓励来自代表性不足的少数民族社区的新ELSI调查员；(7)提交具有竞争力的P50 CEER方案。