IMAGING OPERATED AND UNOPERATED HUMAN PARANASAL SINUSES

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 鼻窦炎是一种影响副鼻窦的炎症性疾病，影响着3300万美国人。 一些研究估计，每年高达1/4的美国人会患上鼻窦炎。病因学 鼻窦炎的发病率仍然难以捉摸，有证据表明，多种因素参与了 慢性鼻窦炎的发展。我们假设慢性鼻窦炎的一个子集 暴露在空气中的过敏原和引起炎症的颗粒物。早些时候我们展示了 超极化氦-3磁共振显示开口大小对气体交换有显著影响 鼻腔和副鼻窦以及小孔手术可能是患者更好的选择 与鼻窦疾病有关的课程。最初我们认为小孔内的气体交换极限是 完全由扩散过程调节，随着小孔尺寸的增加，压力引起的气流变得 占主导地位。我们对体模样品进行了计算流体动力学模拟来验证这一点 假设。似乎即使在小孔尺寸下也会发生球流，这可能会增加气体。 在某些几何条件下的交换。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Sinusitis, an inflammatory disease that affects the paranasal sinuses affects 33 million Americans. Some studies estimate that up to one in Americans will suffer from sinusitis per year. The etiology of sinusitis remains elusive and there is evidence to suggest that the multiple factors contribute to the development of chronic sinusitis. We hypothesize that a subset of chronic sinusitis is mediated by exposure to aeroallergens and inflammatory inducing particulate matter. Earlier we showed with hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI that the opening size significantly affected gas exchanged between the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and that small hole surgery may be preferable in patients with the class of sinus disease. Initially we thought that gas exchange in the small hole limit was mediated solely by the diffusion process, as hole size increased pressure induced airflow becomes dominant. We performed computation fluid dynamic simulation on phantom samples to test this hypothesis. It appears that even at small hole sizes ball flow occurs which may increase gas exchange under certain geometries.