Characterisation of cortical subplate neurons

构建大脑就像建造一座巨大而复杂的塔或桥。该建筑需要一个动态脚手架，它是随着最终的永久结构而建造和修改的。施工完成后，脚手架必须在适当的地点和时间拆除。底板，最早产生的，大部分是短暂的皮层神经元是大脑的基础，这些细胞的破坏可能是许多发育缺陷的来源，因此是一个基本的研究课题。大脑皮层发育障碍（精神分裂症、自闭症、注意缺陷/多动障碍、多动症）和围产期缺氧损伤（心室周围白质acia， PVL）涉及到亚板细胞。在过去的15年里，Molnar小组一直在研究基底细胞与皮层内和皮层外回路的整合，以及它们的神经化学特性和生理特征。在理解这种神秘细胞群在皮质发育和疾病中的作用方面，主要障碍是缺乏这些细胞的可靠标记物。鉴于这种细胞群的选择性易感性及其在皮质发育中的重要作用，我们建议鉴定亚板中特定的基因表达模式，并利用这一知识进行进一步的分子和遗传方法来研究它们的作用和易感性。这些方法需要很多专业技能，这超出了单个研究小组的能力范围。拟议的合作将促进同一所大学同一系内的分子和遗传实验室与细胞和解剖小组之间的相互作用，并将为与执业临床医生合作提供机会，以开展神经影像学、精神病学、眼科学和神经病理学的临床应用。

Building the brain is like erecting a huge complex tower or bridge. The construction requires a dynamic scaffold which is built and modified along with the final permanent structure. After the completion of the construction the scaffold has to be dismantled at the right places and at the right time. The subplate, the earliest generated and largely transient cortical neurons is the foundation of the brain, and disruption of these cells may be the source of many developmental flaws, and therefore a fundamental topic to study. Cerebral cortical developmental disorders (schizophrenia, autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) and perinatal hypoxic injuries (periventricular leucomalacia, PVL) involve cells of the subplate. The Molnar group has been investigating the integration of subplate cells into the intracortical and extracortical circuitry, their neurochemical properties and physiological characteristics over the last 15 years. The major hindrance of progress in the understanding of the role of this enigmatic cell population in cortical development and disease is the lack of reliable markers for these cells. In view of the selective vulnerability of this cell population and their important role in cortical development we propose to identify specific gene expression patterns in subplate and exploit this knowledge for further molecular and genetic approaches to study their role and vulnerability. These approaches require much specialised skills, which are beyond the scope of a single research group. The proposed collaboration will foster the interactions between a molecular and genetic laboratory and a cellular and anatomical group within the same Department of the same University and will open opportinities for collaboration with practising clinicians to initiate clinical applications in neuro-imaging, psychiatry, ophthalmology and neuropathology.