Emotional Processes in Families:New Methods Capturing Multiple Levels of Analysis

描述（由申请人提供）：当前申请是根据FOA （PA-08-212）开发的。“行为和社会科学的方法论和测量”)，旨在进一步推进测量和分析方法，通过来自发展精神病理学、心脏病学、通信、电子工程和计算机科学等学科的跨学科科学家网络的合作专业知识，捕捉家庭中多个层面的个体适应。此外，为了说明这些方法和定量进展的潜在效用，我们测试了心理生理反应的多层次量化作为一种潜在机制的可行性，这种机制可以在更广泛的发展精神病理学框架内为青少年暴露于家庭冲突和心理调整之间的途径提供信息。研究申请的浓缩具体目标是：(1)开发更可行、更经济的无线系统，以有效捕捉家庭互动任务中情绪反应背后的生理和行为过程；(2)测试无线、动态生理和副语言测量的心理测量特性，这些测量与文献中目前使用的这些领域的标准评估有关；(3)研究新的潜在变量增长建模方法在多层次系统功能建模中的效用；(4)在发展过程模型预测的指导下，通过研究发展过程模型中反应性的个体成分的个体差异的预测因子和后遗症，研究心理生理结构的多系统评估是否具有发展意义。为了实现这些目标，研究小组将利用母亲和青春期前儿童相互作用的观察范式，在一年的时间内进行两次评估。关于青少年在家庭背景下的情绪反应以及与发展结果的联系所获得的信息，以及在目前的应用中要开发的方法，将对几个跨越不同任务优先级和研究目标的NIH研究所产生重大兴趣。特别是，用于建模多层次分析结构和相关的发展、身体和心理健康结果的评估工具将与NICHD和NIMH相关。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current application was developed in response to FOA (PA-08-212: "Methodology and Measurement in the Behavioral and Social Sciences") and is designed to further advance measurement and analytic methods for capturing multiple levels of individual adaptation in the family through the collaborative expertise of an interdisciplinary network of scientists from disciplines of Developmental Psychopathology, Cardiology, Communications, Electrical Engineering, and Computer Science. Furthermore, as an illustration of the potential utility of these methodological and quantitative advances, we test the viability of our multi-level quantification of psychophysiological reactivity as a potential mechanism that informs pathways between adolescent exposure to family conflict and their psychological adjustment within the broader developmental psychopathology framework. The condensed specific aims of the research application are: (1) develop more feasible and economical wireless systems for validly capturing physiological and behavioral processes underlying emotional reactivity during family interaction tasks, (2) test the psychometric properties of the wireless, ambulatory physiological and paralinguistic measures in relation to the standard assessments of these domains currently used in the literature, (3) investigate the utility for new latent variable growth modeling approaches for modeling functioning in multi-level systems, and (4) guided by predictions from a developmental process model, examine whether multi-system assessments of psychophysiological constructs are developmentally meaningful by examining predictors and sequelae of individual differences in individual components of reactivity in developmental process models. To achieve these aims, the research team will utilize observational paradigms of mothers and preadolescents in interaction with one another with two assessments occurring over the span of one year. The information derived with respect to adolescent emotional reactivity in the context of the family and links to developmental outcomes as well as the methods to be developed in the present application will be of substantial interest to several NIH institutes cutting across different mission priorities and research objectives. In particular, the assessment tools for modeling multiple levels of analysis constructs and associated developmental, physical and mental health outcomes will be of relevance to both NICHD and NIMH. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The methodologies produced from this project will have important public health significance through the derivation of new methods for investigating patterns of regulation of emotional reactivity in adolescents during conflict from multiple levels of analysis. Furthermore, this project will enhance greater understanding of how emotional reactivity in the family informs pathways between adolescent exposure to family conflict and their socio-emotional and stage-salient adjustment.