Promoting Mammography in African American Women Visiting the Emergency Department

在急诊科就诊的非裔美国妇女中推广乳房X光检查

• 批准号: 8075657
• 负责人: Jennifer Hatcher
• 金额: $ 13.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-12 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8075657
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Address; African American; Breast Cancer Early Detection; Cancer Control; Cancer Etiology; Cancer Intervention; Caring; Cessation of life; Communication; Development; Discipline of Nursing; Educational Materials; Evaluation; Foundations; Goals; Guidelines; Health Insurance; Healthcare; Intervention; Knowledge; Low income; Mammography; Medical; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Movement; Phase; Pilot Projects; Public Health; Qualitative Research; Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Readability; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Sampling; Schedule; Scientist; Screening procedure; Second Primary Cancers; Services; Source; Staging; Structure; Testing; Training; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; aged; cancer prevention; design; experience; health belief; health disparity; malignant breast neoplasm; meetings; peer; research study; skills; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Breast cancer is a pressing public health concern. It is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among African American women. Screening mammography is the single most effective method of early detection of breast cancer; however, African American women are screened at suboptimal rates, with only 53% of African American women aged 40 and older having had a mammogram within the past year. Low income women, women without health insurance, and those without a usual source of health care have even lower screening rates of 44%, 34%, and 28% respectively. Many of these women use the Emergency Department as the only source of medical care. Through a training plan of mentoring by a team of interdisciplinary cancer control and nursing scientists, formal class work, and seminars, this K01 Award will provide the applicant with the opportunity to develop and conduct a study that pilot tests a culturally tailored, stage matched intervention delivered by peer educators to increase mammography use among African American women visiting the Emergency Department. The specific aims of the study are: (1) to examine the barriers and benefits that influence the use of screening mammography among African American women and develop a peer educator delivered intervention and tailored educational materials; (2) to develop and evaluate culturally tailored, stage appropriate mammography educational materials for African American women to determine cultural acceptability, readability, and applicability for women visiting the Emergency Department; and (3) to compare, in a randomized controlled trial with a sample of African American women, the effect of two different interventions (a culturally tailored, stage-matched peer educator breast cancer intervention versus tailored educational materials only) on receipt of a screening mammogram and knowledge of and intent to follow screening guidelines. The proposed study's conceptual framework integrates concepts from both the Health Belief Model and the Transtheoretical Model. These specific aims correspond to three phases: a qualitative phase, a developmental phase, and an intervention phase. The combination of this progressive research project and the structured training plan will prepare the applicant to meet the long-term goal of becoming an independent investigator, by allowing her to develop skills in mixed methodology, refine skills in advanced quantitative research methods, incorporate communication in cancer control theory and principles, and demonstrate the ability to integrate knowledge and experience related to health disparities and cancer control into the design and implementation of a randomized controlled clinical trial. In addition, the results from the proposed project will form the foundation for further research to promote the use of screening mammography among this vulnerable group of women.

描述（由申请人提供）：乳腺癌是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。它是最常见的癌症，也是非裔美国妇女癌症死亡的第二大原因。筛查乳房X光检查是早期发现乳腺癌的唯一最有效的方法;然而，非洲裔美国妇女的筛查率不理想，只有53%的40岁及以上的非洲裔美国妇女在过去一年中进行了乳房X光检查。低收入妇女、没有医疗保险的妇女和没有通常医疗保健来源的妇女的筛查率更低，分别为44%、34%和28%。这些妇女中的许多人将急诊室作为唯一的医疗服务来源。通过跨学科癌症控制和护理科学家团队的指导培训计划，正式的课堂工作和研讨会，该K 01奖将为申请人提供开发和进行一项研究的机会，该研究将对同伴教育者提供的文化定制，阶段匹配的干预进行试点测试，以增加访问急诊科的非裔美国妇女的乳房X光检查使用。该研究的具体目标是：（1）研究影响非裔美国妇女使用筛查性乳房X线摄影的障碍和益处，并制定同伴教育者提供的干预措施和量身定制的教育材料;（2）为非裔美国妇女开发和评估文化上适合的、阶段适当的乳房X线摄影教育材料，以确定文化上的可接受性、可读性，以及对前往急诊室的女性的适用性;在一项随机对照试验中，以非裔美国妇女为样本，比较两种不同干预措施的效果（一个文化定制的，阶段匹配的同伴教育者乳腺癌干预与定制的教育材料）接受筛查性乳房X光检查，了解并打算遵循筛查指南。拟议的研究的概念框架整合了健康信念模型和跨理论模型的概念。这些具体目标对应于三个阶段：质量阶段、发展阶段和干预阶段。这个渐进式研究项目和结构化培训计划的结合将使申请人做好准备，以满足成为一名独立研究者的长期目标，让她发展混合方法的技能，完善先进的定量研究方法的技能，将癌症控制理论和原则的交流，并证明将与健康差异和癌症控制相关的知识和经验整合到随机对照临床试验的设计和实施中的能力。此外，拟议项目的结果将为进一步研究奠定基础，以促进在这一弱势妇女群体中使用乳房X光检查。