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Crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone function, roles and importance in the diel and seasonal migration physiology of land crabs

甲壳类高血糖激素在陆蟹昼夜和季节性迁徙生理学中的功能、作用和重要性

基本信息

批准号：
NE/D00246X/1
负责人：
Simon Webster
金额：
$ 54.41万
依托单位：
University of Bristol
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FD00246X%2F1
关键词：
Crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone function roles

项目摘要

The red crab Gecarcoidea natalis is an endemic land crab on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) which retains a 3 week larval stage and each year must make an annual breeding migration to mate and cast the eggs into the ocean. The migration begins at the onset of the monsoon after many months of dry season. During the dry season the crabs have low activity and little opportunity to feed. Thus red crabs, more so than other crabs, show marked seasonal differences in exercise physiology and salt management as they switch from a low activity state in the dry season to their breeding migration in the wet season. There is laboratory evidence that shows that peptide hormones; specifically the Crustacean Hyperglycaemic Hormone (CHH) is important in switching energy metabolism and in salt pumping across the gills. However, there is no conclusive evidence of any role under natural field conditions. The CHH peptides are formed in nervous tissue close beneath the eye within the X-organ and transported for storage in the sinus gland in the eyestalk. The project will examine CHH as a signal in regulating seasonal and circadian metabolism underlying this switch. This will be done by a) examining CHH gene expression and the production/release of CHH, b) measuring salt reabsorption from the urine and over isolated perfused gills, and c) determining the role of metabolic and ionic status in feed-back on CHH. The work on environmental and behavioural cues will be in association with Parks Australia. The project brings together laboratories at Bristol and Bangor and the work ranges from genomic, through hormone physiology to field ecology. The molecular biology will be related through field work to the natural circumstances and behaviour. The crabs are endemic to a single island and of unique conservation value. They are a primary determinant of rain forest structure and crucial in post-mining rehabilitation of the Island and its economy. Through liaison with National Parks this project will continue our input into this process.

红蟹 Gecarcoidea natalis 是圣诞岛（印度洋）的一种特有陆蟹，其幼虫期为 3 周，每年必须进行一次繁殖迁徙以交配并将卵产入海洋。经过数月的旱季后，迁徙开始于季风开始时。在旱季，螃蟹的活动很少，进食的机会也很少。因此，红蟹比其他螃蟹在运动生理和盐管理方面表现出明显的季节性差异，因为它们从旱季的低活动状态转变为雨季的繁殖迁徙状态。有实验室证据表明肽激素；特别是甲壳类高血糖激素（CHH）对于能量代谢的转换和盐分通过鳃的泵送非常重要。然而，没有确凿的证据表明在自然条件下有任何作用。 CHH 肽在靠近眼睛下方的 X 器官内的神经组织中形成，并被运输并储存在眼柄的窦腺中。该项目将研究 CHH 作为调节这种转换背后的季节和昼夜代谢的信号。这将通过 a) 检查 CHH 基因表达和 CHH 的产生/释放，b) 测量尿液和隔离灌注鳃上的盐重吸收，以及 c) 确定代谢和离子状态在 CHH 反馈中的作用来完成。有关环境和行为线索的工作将与澳大利亚公园管理局合作。该项目汇集了布里斯托尔和班戈的实验室，工作范围从基因组学、激素生理学到野外生态学。分子生物学将通过实地工作与自然环境和行为联系起来。这种螃蟹是单个岛屿特有的，具有独特的保护价值。它们是雨林结构的主要决定因素，对于该岛及其经济的采矿后恢复至关重要。通过与国家公园的联络，该项目将继续我们对此过程的投入。