Dynamics of gas hydrates in polar marine environments.

极地海洋环境中天然气水合物的动力学。

• 批准号: NE/D005728/2
• 负责人: Timothy Minshull
• 金额: $ 33.58万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FD005728%2F2
• 关键词: Dynamics; gas; hydrates; polar; marine

Almost half of the Earth's carbon is stored in gas hydrates and related shallow gas deposits. Numerical models predict that this reservoir is highly mobile and that escaping gas has a significant potential to accelerate climate change releasing as much as 2000 Gt of methane over a short period of time. As methane is a potent greenhouse gas it would course further global warming. Arctic gas hydrates are most vulnerable to future climate change because (1) it is predicted that temperatures will increase faster in the Arctic than in low latitudes (2) the intercept of the gas hydrate stability zone with the seabed is within the reach of fast warming surface waters and (3) the water column above the vulnerable zone of gas hydrates is smaller than in warmer oceans facilitating more efficient transport of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. We propose an interdisciplinary consortium to quantify the present amount of gas hydrates through seismic methods, to measure current methane flux from the seabed to the atmosphere, to detect the effects of postglacial warming on the gas hydrate system, and to predict the effect of a range of future temperature changes on the gas hydrates. This information will allow a detailed assessment of the mobility of Arctic gas hydrates and it will significantly decrease the uncertainties involved in climate modelling.

地球上几乎一半的碳储存在天然气水合物和相关的浅层天然气矿床中。数值模型预测，这个储气库具有很高的流动性，逸出的气体很有可能在短时间内加速气候变化，释放多达2000 GT的甲烷。由于甲烷是一种强有力的温室气体，它将进一步加剧全球变暖。北极气体水合物最容易受到未来气候变化的影响，因为：(1)据预测，北极地区的气温上升速度将快于低纬度地区；(2)天然气水合物稳定区与海床之间的截距在快速变暖的表层水域范围内；(3)天然气水合物脆弱区上方的水柱比温暖海洋中的水柱小，有利于更有效地向大气层输送温室气体。我们建议成立一个跨学科联盟，通过地震方法量化目前天然气水合物的数量，测量当前从海床到大气的甲烷通量，检测冰川后变暖对天然气水合物系统的影响，并预测未来一系列温度变化对天然气水合物的影响。这些信息将使我们能够对北极气体水合物的流动性进行详细评估，并将大大减少气候模型中涉及的不确定性。

项目成果

Fluxes and fate of dissolved methane released at the seafloor at the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone offshore western Svalbard

• DOI: 10.1002/2015jc011084
• 发表时间: 2015-09-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Graves, Carolyn A.;Steinle, Lea;James, Rachael H.
• 通讯作者: James, Rachael H.

Methane in shallow subsurface sediments at the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone offshore western Svalbard

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2016.11.015
• 发表时间: 2017-02-01
• 期刊: GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Graves, Carolyn A.;James, Rachael H.;Connelly, Douglas P.
• 通讯作者: Connelly, Douglas P.

Removal of methane through hydrological, microbial, and geochemical processes in the shallow sediments of pockmarks along eastern Vestnesa Ridge (Svalbard)

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.10299
• 发表时间: 2016-11
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: W. Hong;S. Sauer;G. Panieri;W. Ambrose;R. James;A. Plaza-Faverola;A. Schneider

Geochemical response of the mid-depth Northeast Atlantic Ocean to freshwater input during Heinrich events 1 to 4

海因里希事件1至4期间东北大西洋中深度对淡水输入的地球化学响应

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.08.035
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Crocker A

Characterization of a stratigraphically constrained gas hydrate system along the western continental margin of Svalbard from ocean bottom seismometer data

• DOI: 10.1029/2011jb008211
• 发表时间: 2011-12-10
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Chabert, Anne;Minshull, Tim A.;Sarkar, Sudipta
• 通讯作者: Sarkar, Sudipta