Atmospheric meridional circulation as seen from a moist static energy perspective

从湿静态能量角度看大气经向环流

• 批准号: NE/E001130/1
• 负责人: Arnaud Czaja
• 金额: $ 8.91万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE001130%2F1
• 关键词: Atmospheric; meridional; circulation; seen; moist

A major role of the atmosphere is to maintain relatively cold climate conditions in the Tropics and relatively warm climate conditions at the Poles. This aspect of the atmospheric circulation can be envisioned as a gigantic (planetary thermodynamic machine importing low energy air to low latitudes and exporting high energy air to high latitudes. Although this is a very basic aspect of climate, there is to date no theory to predict what the intensity of this mass exchange from low to hig latitudes is, nor is there a theory to predict the energy of the air that is being carried poleward and equatorward by the atmospheric circulation. This proposal aims at investing at depth the mechanisms controlling both topics. Such effort is crucial to obtain an accurate prediction of the change in poleward energy transport of the atmosphere and surface temperature arising either because of natural fluctuations, or in response to anthropogenic forcing. To tackle these problems, we put forward the following key working hypotheses: (i) the energy of the air carried both poleward and equatorward can be predicted from the surface temperature, itself largely controlled by large scale ocean-atmosphere interactions. (ii) the intensity of the atmospheric mass transport is a simple function of the intensity of radiative cooling and the equator to pole surface temperature gradient. The most novel aspect of this proposal is to test these hypotheses against observational datasets AND simple climate model simulations run in idealized geometries.

大气层的一个主要作用是维持热带地区相对寒冷的气候条件和极地地区相对温暖的气候条件。大气环流的这一方面可以被设想为一个巨大的（行星）热力学机器，将低能空气输入低纬度，并将高能空气输出到高纬度。虽然这是气候的一个非常基本的方面，但迄今为止还没有理论来预测这种从低纬度到高纬度的物质交换的强度，也没有理论来预测由大气环流向极地和赤道输送的空气能量。本提案旨在深入研究控制这两个专题的机制。这种努力对于准确预测由于自然波动或人为强迫而引起的大气层向极地能量输送和地表温度的变化至关重要。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了以下关键的工作假设：（i）可以从表面温度来预测向极地和向赤道输送的空气能量，而表面温度本身在很大程度上受大尺度海洋-大气相互作用的控制。(ii)大气质量输送的强度是辐射冷却强度和赤道到两极表面温度梯度的简单函数。这个提议最新颖的方面是用观测数据集和简单的气候模型模拟在理想化的几何形状下运行来测试这些假设。

项目成果

Deconstructing the Hadley cell heat transport

解构哈德利胞热传输

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.2085
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Heaviside C

The global atmospheric circulation on moist isentropes.

全球大气环流湿等熵。

• DOI: 10.1126/science.1159649
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
• 作者: Pauluis O

A potential vorticity signature for the cold sector of winter extratropical cyclones

冬季温带气旋冷区的位涡特征

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.2662
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Vannière B