Testing the veracity of the Mg/Ca palaeotemperature proxy in cultured marine molluscan calcite
测试培养海洋软体动物方解石中 Mg/Ca 古温度代理的准确性
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/E009875/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 9.46万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2007
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2007 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Climate change is an important and pressing issue for all of human society. Scientists need to understand how Earth's climate varies over different timescales so that they can inform politicians and the public about the likely scale and extent of the impacts of any future climate change. To understand climate it is necessary to gather information about how key oceanographic and climatic parameters, e.g. seawater temperature, changed in the recent and geological past. These data then can be used to model, and ultimately predict, how climate varies over different timescales of interest, i.e. years, decades and centuries. Unfortunately, however, instrumental records of these key parameters only extent back 100 years or so, but much critical information can be obtained from earlier times when the climate was in different states. Because direct measurements of the required parameters are not available for the earlier time intervals an indirect approach then must be taken, whereby measurements are made not of the actual climatic or oceanographic parameter but something else that responded in the same way and still is preserved in the recent or geological record. This approach is known as a proxy-based reconstruction, with the proxy being either a physical or chemical signal that can be measured and that also exhibits a relationship with the climatic or oceanographic parameter that needs to be determined. In addition to the physical or chemical proxy an archive material that preserves the information through recent and geological time also is required and these archives include tree rings, corals and marine molluscs. All of these organisms exhibit an incremental growth pattern, e.g. yearly growth bands, such that high temporal resolution records of the proxies and ultimately climatic and oceanographic parameters can be reconstructed. Corals and molluscs secrete calcium carbonate skeletons that include the mineral calcite and it has been shown that elements such as strontium and magnesium can replace, by a process termed substitution, some of the calcium in these minerals and that the amount of substitution can be related to the temperature of the seawater in which they lived. Therefore, the coral and mollusc skeletons are the archive materials and the measurement of the ratios of strontium and magnesium to calcium in the minerals are the proxy measurements, which can be used to reconstruct temperature in this case. Successful use of such a proxy-based approach is reliant, however, on there being sensitive and precise relationships between the proxy and the climatic or oceanographic parameter of interest. We have recently observed significant variation in magnesium to calcium ratios in mollusc shells cultured at constant temperature and therefore we intend to investigate the degree of such variability in more detail in this study. Detailed assessment of the level of variation in magnesium to calcium ratios is necessary so that we can improve the precision of temperature reconstructions made using measurement of this proxy in these organisms. To meet this objective we will grow two mollusc species, with contrasting shell structures, in laboratory aquaria under controlled temperature conditions. The degree of variability of the magnesium to calcium ratio within the new shell material then will be investigated using several analytical techniques, including one that can make the measurements of magnesium and calcium concentrations every one hundredth of a millimetre across and through the shell structure. By understanding how the magnesium to calcium ratio varies within the shells we should be able to adjust our sampling strategy to provide a more precise calibration and hence more precise seawater temperature reconstructions, thereby improving understanding of past and future climate change.
气候变化是全人类面临的一个重要而紧迫的问题。科学家需要了解地球气候在不同时间尺度上的变化,以便他们能够向政治家和公众通报未来气候变化可能造成的影响的规模和程度。为了了解气候,有必要收集有关关键海洋学和气候参数(例如海水温度)在最近和地质学过去如何变化的信息。然后,这些数据可以用来模拟并最终预测气候在不同时间尺度(即几年、几十年和几个世纪)的变化。然而,不幸的是,这些关键参数的仪器记录只能追溯到100年左右,但许多关键信息可以从气候处于不同状态的早期获得。由于在较早的时间间隔内无法直接测量所需的参数,因此必须采取间接的方法,即不测量实际的气候或海洋参数,而是测量以相同方式响应并仍保存在最近或地质记录中的其他参数。这种方法被称为基于代理的重建,代理是可以测量的物理或化学信号,并且还表现出与需要确定的气候或海洋参数的关系。除了物理或化学代用品外,还需要保存最近和地质时期信息的档案材料,这些档案包括树木年轮、珊瑚和海洋软体动物。所有这些生物都表现出递增的生长模式,例如每年的生长带,因此可以重建高时间分辨率的代用指标记录,并最终重建气候和海洋参数。珊瑚和软体动物分泌碳酸钙骨架,其中包括矿物方解石,并且已经表明,诸如锶和镁等元素可以通过称为替代的过程取代这些矿物中的一些钙,并且替代量可以与它们生活的海水温度有关。因此,珊瑚和软体动物骨骼是档案材料,矿物中锶和镁与钙的比值的测量是替代测量,可以用来重建这种情况下的温度。然而,这种基于代用指标的方法的成功使用取决于代用指标与有关气候或海洋参数之间是否存在敏感和精确的关系。我们最近观察到显着的变化,镁钙比在恒温培养的软体动物壳,因此,我们打算在这项研究中更详细地调查这种变化的程度。详细评估镁钙比的变化水平是必要的,这样我们就可以提高精度的温度重建使用测量在这些生物体中的代理。为了实现这一目标,我们将在受控温度条件下的实验室水族箱中培养两种具有对比壳结构的软体动物。然后,将使用几种分析技术研究新壳材料中镁钙比的变化程度,其中包括一种可以测量每百分之一毫米穿过和穿过壳结构的镁和钙浓度的技术。通过了解贝壳内镁与钙的比例如何变化,我们应该能够调整我们的采样策略,以提供更精确的校准,从而提供更精确的海水温度重建,从而提高对过去和未来气候变化的了解。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Leon Clarke其他文献
Erratum to: Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: a multi-model comparison
- DOI:
10.1007/s10584-015-1452-9 - 发表时间:
2015-07-07 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.800
- 作者:
James McFarland;Yuyu Zhou;Leon Clarke;Patrick Sullivan;Jesse Colman;Wendy S. Jaglom;Michelle Colley;Pralit Patel;Jiyon Eom;Son H. Kim;G. Page Kyle;Peter Schultz;Boddu Venkatesh;Juanita Haydel;Charlotte Mack;Jared Creason - 通讯作者:
Jared Creason
Integrated modeling of human-earth system interactions: An application of GCAM-fusion
人地系统相互作用的综合建模:GCAM-fusion 的应用
- DOI:
10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105566 - 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:12.8
- 作者:
C. Hartin;R. Link;P. Patel;Anupriya Mundra;Russell Horowitz;K. Dorheim;Leon Clarke - 通讯作者:
Leon Clarke
Introduction to the Special Issue on Net-Zero Energy Systems
净零能源系统特刊简介
- DOI:
10.1016/j.egycc.2021.100066 - 发表时间:
2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
I. Azevedo;C. Bataille;J. Bistline;Leon Clarke;Steven Davis - 通讯作者:
Steven Davis
Near-term limits to mitigation: Challenges arising from contrary mitigation effects from indirect land-use change and sulfur emissions
- DOI:
10.1016/j.eneco.2013.09.026 - 发表时间:
2014-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Katherine Calvin;Marshall Wise;Leon Clarke;James Edmonds;Andrew Jones;Allison Thomson - 通讯作者:
Allison Thomson
To achieve deep cuts in US emissions, state-driven policy is only slightly more expensive than nationally uniform policy
为了大幅削减美国的排放量,州政府主导的政策仅比全国统一政策略贵一点。
- DOI:
10.1038/s41558-021-01193-5 - 发表时间:
2021-10-28 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:27.100
- 作者:
Wei Peng;Gokul Iyer;Matthew Binsted;Jennifer Marlon;Leon Clarke;James A. Edmonds;David G. Victor - 通讯作者:
David G. Victor
Leon Clarke的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Leon Clarke', 18)}}的其他基金
Identifying orbital- and sub-orbital-scale controls on the Asian summer monsoon: a 500,000 year hydroclimate record from Nam Co, Tibet [NamCore-UK]
确定对亚洲夏季风的轨道和亚轨道尺度控制:西藏纳木错 50 万年的水文气候记录 [NamCore-UK]
- 批准号:
NE/W000989/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 9.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Calibrating novel palaeotemperature proxies in laboratory aquaria cultured long-lived Arctica islandica mollusc shells
校准实验室水族箱养殖的长寿北极软体动物壳中的新型古温度代理
- 批准号:
NE/J012866/1 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 9.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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