权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Urgency application: Recovery of benthic invertebrate communities and fishery overspill effects in newly created marine reserves

紧急应用：海底无脊椎动物群落的恢复和新建海洋保护区的渔业溢出效应

基本信息

批准号：
NE/E011268/1
负责人：
Jan Hiddink
金额：
$ 35.84万
依托单位：
Bangor University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2007 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FE011268%2F1
关键词：
Urgency application Recovery benthic invertebrate

项目摘要

Fishing for marine fish and shellfish can damage the sea-bottom and the animals that live there and it also lowers the abundance of the harvested species. For the use of these marine resources to be sustainable, it is necessary to control fishing activity so that harvested species can breed successfully and to limit damage to fragile species and habitats. Marine reserves, or Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), are one possible management tool that may achieve these two objectives. In August 2006, four areas of the sea in Lyme Bay, England, were designated as a marine reserve. The primary purpose of this closure is to protect sea fans (a type of soft coral) and other fragile bottom animals against damage by scallop dredging. These MPAs may also be favourable for the fishers, as MPAs may promote recovery of the scallop stocks within the reserves. Once the scallops in the reserve has grown large and become abundant, they will produce many larvae that will move to adjacent areas, where they can be captured by fishers. Seabed animals that are immobile, such as corals and scallops, may not be able to breed successfully when they are spaced too far apart, and this may occurs as a result of fishing. For such species protection in marine reserves, which will maintain populations at a high density, may be the most successful method to protect these species. Our ability to test these predictions has been elusive due to a lack of suitably replicated MPAs. At this moment, only very few marine reserves exist in Britain and around the world. Therefore the creation of four marine reserves represents a unique opportunity to study the effect of marine reserves on the abundance and recovery of bottom animals inside and outside the reserve. A study like this has to start directly after the reserve was created. We will follow changes of the abundance and reproduction of four species of bottom animals over several years to quantify recovery from scallop dredging damage. We will also determine the exchange of animals between the reserves and the surrounding areas by calculating the spread from tidal currents and by analysis of the DNA of sea fans and scallops. Our research will indicate if marine reserves are indeed an effective way to protect bottom animals and if they are are positive for fisheries. It will clarify how fast these animals recover from fishing and how many marine reserves are necessary to protect animals with different reproductive strategies.

捕捞海鱼和贝类会破坏海底和生活在那里的动物，还会降低捕捞物种的丰度。为了可持续地利用这些海洋资源，必须控制捕捞活动，使捕捞的物种能够成功繁殖，并限制对脆弱物种和栖息地的损害。海洋保护区或海洋保护区是实现这两个目标的一种可能的管理工具。2006年8月，英国莱姆湾的四个海域被指定为海洋保护区。关闭的主要目的是保护海扇(一种软珊瑚)和其他脆弱的海底动物免受扇贝疏浚的损害。这些海洋保护区也可能对渔民有利，因为海洋保护区可促进保护区内扇贝种群的恢复。一旦保护区中的扇贝长大并变得丰富，它们将产生许多幼虫，这些幼虫将转移到邻近地区，在那里它们可以被渔民捕获。固定不动的海底动物，如珊瑚和扇贝，当它们间隔太远时可能无法成功繁殖，这可能是捕鱼的结果。对于这样的物种保护，海洋保护区将保持高密度的种群，可能是保护这些物种最成功的方法。由于缺乏适当复制的MPA，我们检验这些预测的能力一直难以捉摸。此时此刻，英国和世界各地的海洋保护区寥寥无几。因此，建立四个海洋保护区是研究海洋保护区对保护区内外海底动物丰度和恢复的影响的独特机会。像这样的研究必须在保护区建立后立即开始。我们将跟踪四种底栖动物在几年内丰度和繁殖的变化，以量化扇贝疏浚破坏后的恢复情况。我们还将通过计算潮流的扩散以及分析海扇和扇贝的DNA来确定保护区与周围地区之间的动物交换情况。我们的研究将表明，海洋保护区是否真的是保护海底动物的有效方式，以及它们是否对渔业有利。它将阐明这些动物从捕鱼中恢复的速度，以及需要多少海洋保护区来保护不同繁殖策略的动物。