FUNCTIONAL MRI STUDIES OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DYSLEXIA IN ADULTS

成人阅读障碍病理生理学的功能 MRI 研究

• 批准号: 7951968
• 负责人: Guinevere F. Eden
• 金额: $ 1.21万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7951968
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Area; Auditory; Awareness; Behavioral; Biostatistics Core; Clinical Research; Code; Cognitive; Complex; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Developmental reading disorder; Disease; Dyslexia; Etiology; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Generations; Grant; Individual; Informatics; Institution; Investigation; Language; Maps; Measures; Memory; Modality; Neurons; Performance; Phenotype; Process; Reading; Reading Disabilities; Reading Disorder; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Sensory; Series; Source; System; Task Performances; Techniques; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Visual Motion; Visual Perception; Work; behavior measurement; behavior test; data management; information processing; instrumentation; language processing; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; novel; phonology; relating to nervous system; response; visual process; visual processing

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Developmental dyslexia is a common disorder of reading whose etiology is poorly understood. The behavioral manifestations of dyslexia are complex, involving abnormalities in both language and visual perception. It is well known that reading ability is correlated with measures of phonological awareness. Because dyslexics exhibit abnormalities in various forms of phonological processing, this has been suggested as an explanation for their reading disability. While less clinically evident, specific visual processing problems have also been identified in dyslexia and it has been suggested that they contribute to the observed reading disorder. Surprisingly, few functional neuroimaging techniques now provide a way to identify the regional specialization and spatial congruence of the cortical areas engaged in visual sensory and language processing. These new techniques make possible novel investigations of the pathophysiology of the reading disorder developmental dyslexia. We have undertaken a series of integrated studies combining behavioral measures with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the relationship between the disorders in phonological processing and visual motion processing in dyslexia. In this research, functional maps obtained from control subjects during reading tasks will be compared to those obtained in individuals with dyslexia. Our central hypothesis posits the existence of a disorder in temporal information processing in dyslexia that exhibits itself in deficits in both sensory and language processing. In our previous work we have demonstrated a sensory deficit specific to the visual motion processing system. Using similar techniques are now extending these investigations and relate them to dysfunction of phonological processing mechanisms. We hypothesize that we will identify spatial overlap in the cortical areas altered in dyslexia during both phonological and visual processing in the temporoparietal areas, as this area has shown to directly subserve both sensory visual motion and cognitive language processes. Specific questions being addressed include: (1) What are the neural systems involved in phonological awareness (segmentation, rhyme generation and coding in verbal memory) and visual motion processing in normal subject? (2) Do the neural systems involved in phonological awareness show sensitivity to performance rate, modality of presentation (auditory versus visual) or response (overt versus covert)? (3) Is there spatial overlap in the neuronal systems involved in the performance of phonological awareness tasks and visual motion processing ? (4) Since performance on these tasks reliably differentiates dyslexics from controls, are the neural systems involved differently activated in dyslexics and controls during the performance of these tasks? This study will require extensive behavioral testing which will be aided by the Behavioral Phenotyping and Instrumentation Core. Data management and statistical analysis are substantial for both behavioral and fMRI data and will be aided by the Informatics/Data Management and Biostatistics core.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 发育阅读障碍是一种常见的阅读障碍，其病因对知识的理解很少。阅读障碍的行为表现很复杂，涉及语言和视觉感知的异常。众所周知，阅读能力与语音意识的度量相关。由于阅读障碍者以各种形式的语音处理表现出异常，因此建议这是对他们阅读障碍的解释。虽然临床上较少明显，但在阅读障碍中也发现了特定的视觉处理问题，并且有人提出它们有助于观察到的阅读障碍。令人惊讶的是，现在很少有功能性神经影像学技术提供了一种方法来确定从事视觉感觉和语言处理的皮质区域的区域专业化和空间一致性。这些新技术使得对阅读障碍发育阅读障碍的病理生理学的新颖研究可能。 我们已经进行了一系列综合研究，将行为度量与功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）相结合，以研究语音处理中的疾病与阅读障碍中的视觉运动处理之间的关系。在这项研究中，将在阅读任务期间从对照组获得的功能图与阅读障碍的个体获得的功能图。我们的中心假设认为，在阅读障碍中的时间信息处理中存在疾病，在感觉和语言处理中都表现出自己的缺陷。在我们以前的工作中，我们证明了视觉运动处理系统特有的感觉不足。现在，使用类似的技术正在扩展这些研究，并将它们与语音处理机制的功能障碍联系起来。我们假设我们将确定在颞叶区域的语音和视觉处理期间，在阅读障碍的皮质区域中的空间重叠，因为该区域已证明可以直接提供感觉视觉运动和认知语言过程。 要解决的具体问题包括：（1）在正常受试者中，语音意识（分割，押韵的产生和编码）和视觉运动处理中涉及哪些神经系统？ （2）参与语音意识的神经系统是否表现出对性能率，表现形式（听觉与视觉）或响应（明显与秘密）的敏感性？ （3）与语音意识任务和视觉运动处理的性能有关的神经元系统中是否存在空间重叠？ （4）由于这些任务的执行可靠地区分诵读困难与对照组，因此在这些任务执行过程中，神经系统在阅读障碍和控制中是否涉及不同的激活？ 这项研究将需要广泛的行为测试，这将由行为表型和仪器核心提供帮助。数据管理和统计分析对于行为和fMRI数据都是重要的，并且将由信息学/数据管理和生物统计学核心提供帮助。