Visiting Fellowships at Durham

该申请寻求支持，以继续我们自1983年以来在达勒姆进行的成功访客计划。该应用程序涵盖了达勒姆的整个天文学研究领域，包括星系外天文学、宇宙学、天文仪器、伽马射线天文学和高能天体物理学。在两年半的时间里，目前的资助资助了97名访客，并导致了111篇由达勒姆大学研究人员和访客共同评审的出版物。有参观者参与的研究项目有：处女座联盟的宇宙结构形成模拟项目；星系形成的理论建模；经历巨大恒星爆发的年轻大质量星系的观测研究；研究大小不一的黑洞的吸积过程，从几个太阳质量到十亿个太阳质量；超大质量黑洞的成长对星系形成的影响在形成的早期阶段对群体和集群的观察；来自包括微类星体在内的外来物体的高能伽马射线的探测和解释；为现有的望远镜（如超大型望远镜）和未来的望远镜（如计划中的超大型望远镜）设计新仪器。

This application seeks support to continue the successful visitors programme that we have conducted at Durham since 1983. This application covers the entire spectrum of astronomical research at Durham which includes extragalactic astronomy, cosmology, astronomical instrumentation, gamma-ray astronomy and high energy astrophysics. The current grant has supported 97 visitors over a 2.5 year period and had led to 111 joint refereed publications involving Durham researchers and visitors. Examples of research projects involving visitors are: the Virgo Consortium's programme of simulations of the formation of structure in the universe; theoretical modelling of galaxy formation; observational studies of young massive galaxies undergoing huge starbursts; investigation of accretion processes onto black holes of a wide range of sizes, from a few to a billion solar masses; the effects of the growth of supermassive black holes on forming galaxies; observations of groups and clusters at early stages of formation; the detection and interpretation of very high energy gamma rays from exotic objects including microquasars; the design of new instruments for existing telescopes like the Very Large Telescopes and future ones like the projected Extremely Large Telescope.