Prenatal Exposure to Solid Fuel Smoke and Birth Outcomes in Sri Lanka

斯里兰卡产前接触固体燃料烟雾和出生结果

• 批准号: 8137954
• 负责人: NALINI SATHIAKUMAR
• 金额: $ 11.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-03 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8137954
• 关键词: 3 year old; Accounting; Acute respiratory infection; Africa South of the Sahara; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alabama; Alberta province; Animals; Area; Asia; Attention; Award; Behavior assessment; Biomass; Birth; Birth Weight; Brain Diseases; Carbon Monoxide; Censuses; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chronic Bronchitis; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Cigarette; Clinic; Clinical; Coal; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communication; Community Developments; Conflict (Psychology); Country; Coupled; Culicidae; Demographic and Health Surveys; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Discipline of obstetrics; Educational workshop; Environmental Health; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Environmental air flow; Exposure to; Fetal Anoxia; Fetal Growth; Fostering; Gestational Age; Grant; Habits; Head circumference; Health; Heating; Home environment; Household; Hygiene; Income; India; Indian Ocean; Indoor Air Pollution; Infant; Institution; International; Intervention; Interview; Island; Joints; Knowledge; Learning; Length; Life Expectancy; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Low Birth Weight Infant; Maternal Exposure; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Monitor; Mothers; Motor; Neonatal; Neurologic; Newborn Infant; Occupational Health; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Perinatal Exposure; Pesticides; Phase; Poaceae; Pollution; Population; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Training; Risk; Risk Estimate; Risk Factors; Sanitation; Scientist; Smoke; Smoking; Solid; Source; South Asian; Southeastern Asia; Sri Lanka; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Technology Transfer; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Training; Ultrasonography; United States; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Urban Population; Water; West Virginia; Woman; Wood material; Youth; base; burden of illness; cooking; design; disability-adjusted life years; follow-up; health training; improved; infant monitoring; infant outcome; interest; lead exposure; literacy; male; neurodevelopment; nutrition; pollutant; premature; prenatal; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; statistics; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Solid fuel combustion in inefficient cooking stoves in poorly ventilated areas causes heavy maternal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), both known to cause fetal anoxia. However, the evidence linking indoor smoke to and adverse pregnancy outcomes is limited and sometimes conflicting; and evidence linking indoor smoke to infant neurodevelopment is nonexistent. Many studies use indirect measures of smoke exposure and reported measures of health outcomes, and do not adequately account for confounding and interactions. The WHO recommends that additional, high quality studies are required to confirm the risk estimates, with an emphasis on accurate assessments of exposure and gestational age. In the proposed research, we plan to evaluate the relationship between solid fuel use and birth outcomes and infant neurodevelopment among a semi-urban population residing in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka. The aims are to measure the accuracy of questionnaire information on solid fuel use as a surrogate for measured levels of indoor PM2.5 and CO, and to evaluate the relationship between prenatal exposure to solid fuel smoke exposure and fetal growth (low birth weight, head circumference and length) and between solid fuel smoke and neurodevelopment at birth. We will measure PM2.5 and CO by real-time continuous monitoring and assess gestational age by ultrasound. This Indo-US collaboration will add to the body of knowledge on solid fuel use as a risk factor for birth outcome and infant neurodevelopment and serve as a first step for development of community-based interventions to lower associated disease burden. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Indoor air pollution from combustion of solid fuels for cooking has been identified as one of the ten most important risk factors in global burden of disease. This study will add to the body of knowledge on solid fuel use as a risk factor for birth outcome and infant neurodevelopment, and benefit from a well-established Indo- US collaboration among investigators with diverse and supplementary backgrounds while at the same time fostering technology transfer between the two partner institutions.

描述（由申请人提供）：在通风不良区域的低效炉灶中燃烧固体燃料会导致母亲大量暴露于一氧化碳（CO）和细颗粒物（PM2.5），这两种物质都已知会导致胎儿缺氧。然而，将室内吸烟与不良妊娠结局联系起来的证据有限，有时相互矛盾;将室内吸烟与婴儿神经发育联系起来的证据是不存在的。许多研究使用间接测量烟雾暴露和报告的健康结果的措施，并没有充分考虑混杂和相互作用。世卫组织建议，需要额外的高质量研究来确认风险估计，重点是准确评估暴露和胎龄。在拟议的研究中，我们计划评估固体燃料的使用和出生结果之间的关系和婴儿神经发育居住在Gampaha区，斯里兰卡的半城市人口。其目的是测量问卷信息的准确性，固体燃料的使用作为室内PM2.5和CO的测量水平的替代品，并评估产前暴露于固体燃料烟雾暴露和胎儿生长（低出生体重，头围和长度）之间的关系和固体燃料烟雾和出生时的神经发育。我们将通过实时连续监测测量PM2.5和CO，并通过超声评估孕龄。这项印美合作将增加固体燃料使用作为出生结果和婴儿神经发育风险因素的知识体系，并作为制定以社区为基础的干预措施以降低相关疾病负担的第一步。 公共卫生相关性：烹饪固体燃料燃烧造成的室内空气污染已被确定为全球疾病负担中十大最重要的风险因素之一。这项研究将增加固体燃料使用作为出生结果和婴儿神经发育风险因素的知识体系，并受益于具有不同和补充背景的调查人员之间建立良好的印美合作，同时促进两个合作机构之间的技术转让。