Prenatal Exposure to Solid Fuel Smoke and Birth Outcomes in Sri Lanka

斯里兰卡产前接触固体燃料烟雾和出生结果

• 批准号: 7846473
• 负责人: NALINI SATHIAKUMAR
• 金额: $ 12.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-03 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7846473
• 关键词: 3 year old; Accounting; Acute respiratory infection; Africa South of the Sahara; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alabama; Alberta province; Animals; Area; Asia; Attention; Award; Behavior assessment; Biomass; Birth; Birth Weight; Brain Diseases; Carbon Monoxide; Censuses; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chronic Bronchitis; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Cigarette; Clinic; Clinical; Coal; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communication; Community Developments; Conflict (Psychology); Country; Coupled; Culicidae; Demographic and Health Surveys; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Discipline of obstetrics; Educational workshop; Environmental air flow; Exposure to; Fetal Anoxia; Fetal Growth; Fostering; Gestational Age; Grant; Habits; Head circumference; Health; Heating; Home environment; Household; Hygiene; Income; India; Indian Ocean; Indoor Air Pollution; Infant; Institution; International; Intervention; Interview; Island; Joints; Knowledge; Learning; Length; Life Expectancy; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Low Birth Weight Infant; Maternal Exposure; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Monitor; Mothers; Motor; Neonatal; Neurologic; Newborn Infant; Occupational Health; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Perinatal Exposure; Pesticides; Phase; Poaceae; Pollution; Population; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Training; Risk; Risk Estimate; Risk Factors; Sanitation; Scientist; Smoke; Smoking; Solid; Source; South Asian; Southeastern Asia; Sri Lanka; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Technology Transfer; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Training; Ultrasonography; United States; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Urban Population; Water; West Virginia; Woman; Wood material; Youth; base; burden of illness; cooking; design; disability-adjusted life years; follow-up; health training; improved; infant monitoring; infant outcome; interest; lead exposure; literacy; male; neurodevelopment; nutrition; pollutant; premature; prenatal; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; statistics; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Solid fuel combustion in inefficient cooking stoves in poorly ventilated areas causes heavy maternal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), both known to cause fetal anoxia. However, the evidence linking indoor smoke to and adverse pregnancy outcomes is limited and sometimes conflicting; and evidence linking indoor smoke to infant neurodevelopment is nonexistent. Many studies use indirect measures of smoke exposure and reported measures of health outcomes, and do not adequately account for confounding and interactions. The WHO recommends that additional, high quality studies are required to confirm the risk estimates, with an emphasis on accurate assessments of exposure and gestational age. In the proposed research, we plan to evaluate the relationship between solid fuel use and birth outcomes and infant neurodevelopment among a semi-urban population residing in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka. The aims are to measure the accuracy of questionnaire information on solid fuel use as a surrogate for measured levels of indoor PM2.5 and CO, and to evaluate the relationship between prenatal exposure to solid fuel smoke exposure and fetal growth (low birth weight, head circumference and length) and between solid fuel smoke and neurodevelopment at birth. We will measure PM2.5 and CO by real-time continuous monitoring and assess gestational age by ultrasound. This Indo-US collaboration will add to the body of knowledge on solid fuel use as a risk factor for birth outcome and infant neurodevelopment and serve as a first step for development of community-based interventions to lower associated disease burden. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Indoor air pollution from combustion of solid fuels for cooking has been identified as one of the ten most important risk factors in global burden of disease. This study will add to the body of knowledge on solid fuel use as a risk factor for birth outcome and infant neurodevelopment, and benefit from a well-established Indo- US collaboration among investigators with diverse and supplementary backgrounds while at the same time fostering technology transfer between the two partner institutions.

描述（由申请人提供）：在通风不良的地区，低效炉灶中的固体燃料燃烧会导致孕妇大量接触一氧化碳 (CO) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5)，这两种物质都会导致胎儿缺氧。然而，将室内烟雾与不良妊娠结局联系起来的证据有限，有时甚至是相互矛盾的。并且不存在将室内烟雾与婴儿神经发育联系起来的证据。许多研究使用间接的烟雾暴露测量方法和报告的健康结果测量方法，但没有充分考虑混杂因素和相互作用。世界卫生组织建议需要进行额外的高质量研究来确认风险估计，重点是对暴露和孕龄的准确评估。在拟议的研究中，我们计划评估居住在斯里兰卡加姆珀哈区的半城市人口中固体燃料的使用与出生结果和婴儿神经发育之间的关系。目的是衡量固体燃料使用问卷信息作为室内 PM2.5 和 CO 测量水平的替代值的准确性，并评估产前接触固体燃料烟雾与胎儿生长（低出生体重、头围和身长）之间的关系以及固体燃料烟雾与出生时神经发育之间的关系。我们将通过实时连续监测来测量 PM2.5 和 CO，并通过超声波评估胎龄。这项印美合作将丰富有关固体燃料使用作为出生结局和婴儿神经发育风险因素的知识体系，并作为制定基于社区的干预措施以降低相关疾病负担的第一步。 公共卫生相关性：烹饪用固体燃料燃烧造成的室内空气污染已被确定为全球疾病负担的十个最重要的风险因素之一。这项研究将丰富关于固体燃料使用作为出生结局和婴儿神经发育风险因素的知识体系，并受益于具有不同和补充背景的研究人员之间建立的印美合作，同时促进两个合作机构之间的技术转让。