Culture, Context, and Mexican American Mental Health

文化、背景和墨西哥裔美国人的心理健康

• 批准号: 8063899
• 负责人: MARK W ROOSA
• 金额: $ 64.94万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8063899
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adherence; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Behavior; Belief; Biogenesis; Buffers; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Child; Child Mental Health; Communities; Conduct Disorder; Conflict (Psychology); Cultural Characteristics; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnostic; Disadvantaged; Disease; Drug usage; Economics; Employment; Environment; Event; Family; Family Characteristics; Family Study; Foundations; Gender Role; Grant; Group Processes; Health; Immigrant; Income; Individual; Knowledge; Left; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Mainstreaming; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Performance; Persons; Phase; Population; Prevalence; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Records; Recruitment Activity; Relative Risks; Research; Research Design; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Site; Social Change; Social Class; Social support; Source; Strategic Planning; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Time; Variant; Youth; boys; cohesion; contextual factors; cultural values; design; deviant; early adolescence; experience; girls; health disparity; high school; inner city; malleable risk; meetings; next generation; peer; psychologic; resilience; rural area; social; suburb; success; teacher; therapy design; time use

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks 5 years of continued support for a longitudinal study of processes that contribute to the high levels of psychopathology experienced by Mexican American youth. Consistent with priorities in the NIMH Strategic Plan (2008), this study is designed to (1) chart mental illness trajectories of Mexican American youth, (2) increase our capacity to predict who in this population is at risk for mental illness by identifying individual, environmental, and social factors that contribute to both risk and resilience processes, (3) identify contributors to the mental health disparities experienced by Mexican Americans, and (4) provide a scientific foundation for the design of the next generation of preventive interventions for this population. Beginning with a diverse sample of 750 Mexican American families, this study tests hypotheses regarding how interactions of individuals' cultural orientations with characteristics of family, community, peer, and school contexts contribute to the mental health burden of this population. A unique aspect of this study is the assessment of cultural orientation (i.e., degree of endorsement of traditional Mexican cultural values and degree of endorsement of U.S. cultural values) of children and parents as well as the degree to which communities and schools support these cultural traditions. Children and their parents were assessed initially when children were in 5th and 7th grades. Results supported the specific aims: (1) changes in children's and parents' cultural orientations are related to greater risk for mental health disorders; (2) family characteristics, such as parent-child conflict, mediate the relation between cultural orientation mismatches and children's psychopathology; and (3) child and parent cultural orientations buffer relations between common risk factors (e.g., economic hardship) and children's mental health. The proposed continuation will assess this sample of children and their parents as youth experience the rapid developmental changes of middle adolescence (grades 10 and 12) when rates of psychopathology accelerate. The specific aims remain: (1) cultural mismatches between children and family, community, and school contexts will be related to risk for psychopathology; (2) family and peer group processes will mediate relations between cultural mismatches and psychopathology; and (3) cultural orientations of children and their parents will moderate relations between risk factors and psychopathology. Longitudinal tests of these aims will provide a strong foundation for the next generation of prevention programs to reduce mental health disparities for Mexican Americans. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This longitudinal study of 750 Mexican American adolescents and their parents is important from a public health standpoint because of the mental health disparities Mexican American adolescents experience, and the limited knowledge about factors that contribute to these disparities. This study is designed to (1) chart mental illness trajectories of Mexican American youth, (2) increase our capacity to predict who in this population is at risk for mental illness by identifying individual, environmental, and social factors that contribute to both risk and resilience processes, (3) identify contributors to the mental health disparities experienced by Mexican Americans, and (4) provide a firm scientific foundation for the design of the next generation of preventive interventions for this population in order to reduce the individual, family, and societal burden of psychopathology within this population.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案寻求对墨西哥裔美国青年经历的高水平精神病理过程的纵向研究持续5年的支持。与NIMH战略计划（2008）的优先事项一致，本研究旨在(1)绘制墨西哥裔美国青年的精神疾病轨迹图；(2)通过识别影响风险和恢复过程的个人、环境和社会因素，提高我们预测这一人群中谁有精神疾病风险的能力；(3)确定导致墨西哥裔美国人心理健康差异的因素。(4)为设计针对该人群的下一代预防干预措施提供科学依据。从750个墨西哥裔美国家庭的不同样本开始，本研究测试了关于个人文化取向与家庭、社区、同伴和学校背景特征的相互作用如何影响该人群心理健康负担的假设。本研究的一个独特方面是评估儿童和家长的文化取向（即对墨西哥传统文化价值观的认可程度和对美国文化价值观的认可程度），以及社区和学校对这些文化传统的支持程度。孩子和他们的父母在五年级和七年级的时候开始接受评估。结果表明：(1)儿童和家长文化取向的改变与心理健康障碍风险增加有关；(2)亲子冲突等家庭特征在文化取向错配与儿童精神病理的关系中起中介作用；(3)儿童和父母的文化取向缓冲了常见风险因素（如经济困难）与儿童心理健康之间的关系。建议的续刊将评估这些儿童及其父母的样本，因为青少年经历了青春期中期（10年级和12年级）的快速发展变化，当精神病理学的发病率加速时。具体目标仍然是：(1)儿童与家庭、社区和学校环境之间的文化不匹配将与精神病理风险相关；(2)家庭和同伴群体过程在文化错配与精神病理之间起中介作用；(3)儿童及其父母的文化取向会调节危险因素与精神病理的关系。这些目标的纵向测试将为下一代预防项目提供坚实的基础，以减少墨西哥裔美国人的心理健康差异。公共卫生相关性：从公共卫生的角度来看，这项对750名墨西哥裔美国青少年及其父母的纵向研究很重要，因为墨西哥裔美国青少年经历的心理健康差异，以及对导致这些差异的因素的有限了解。本研究旨在(1)绘制墨西哥裔美国青年的精神疾病轨迹图；(2)通过识别影响风险和恢复过程的个人、环境和社会因素，提高我们预测这一人群中谁有精神疾病风险的能力；(3)确定导致墨西哥裔美国人心理健康差异的因素。(4)为这一人群设计下一代预防干预措施提供坚实的科学基础，以减轻这一人群中个人、家庭和社会的精神病理负担。