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Phosphoinositide Phosphatases

磷酸肌醇磷酸酶

基本信息

批准号：
8036713
负责人：
JACK E DIXON
金额：
$ 10万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-03-16 至 2011-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8036713
关键词：
1,2-diacylglycerol Accounting Active Sites Address Affect Affinity Amino Acid Motifs Amino Acids Animals Apoptosis Awareness Axon Bacteria Binding Biochemical Blast Cell C-terminal CDC42 gene Catalysis Catalytic Domain Cell Communication Cell Fractionation Cell physiology Cells Centronuclear myopathy Characteristics Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Charge Citric Acid Cycle Cleaved cell Clinical Co-Immunoprecipitations Coiled-Coil Domain Complex Coomassie blue Core Protein Databases Demyelinations Deuterium Dictyostelium Diglycerides Disease Electrostatics Embryo Enzymes Etiology Eubacterium Eukaryota Event Evolution Exhibits Face Family Family member Five-Year Plans Fluorescence Microscopy GTP Phosphohydrolase Activators Genes Genetic Genetically Engineered Mouse Genome Glucose Glucosyltransferase Glucosyltransferases Goals Grant Growth Guanosine Triphosphate Phosphohydrolases Head Heterodimerization Homology Modeling Human Hydrogen Bonding In Vitro Inborn Genetic Diseases Initiator Codon Inositol Instruction Keto Acids Kidney Knockout Mice Laboratories Lead Length Life Light Link Lipid Binding Lipids Liver MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrum Analysis Mediating Mediator of activation protein Membrane Membrane Proteins Metabolism Michigan Missense Mutation Mitochondria Modeling Molecular Molecular Conformation Motor Mus Mutate Mutation Myelin Nature Nerve Neural Conduction Neurodegenerative Disorders Neuromuscular Diseases Neurons Neuropathy Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Operon Organelles Organism Orthologous Gene Oxidative Phosphorylation Oxidoreductase Oxygen PH Domain PTEN gene Pancreas Pathway interactions Patients Penetration Peripheral Peripheral Nerves Peripheral Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Phase Phenotype Phosphatidylinositols Phospholipids Phosphoproteins Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases Phosphorylation Phosphotransferases Phylogenetic Analysis Physiological Plant Resins Positioning Attribute Postdoctoral Fellow Production Protein Binding Protein Binding Domain Protein Dephosphorylation Protein Family Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Protein phosphatase Proteins Proteolysis Pyruvate Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Pyruvates Rattus Recombinants Regulation Relative (related person)Reporting Roentgen Rays Role Schwann Cells Series Side Signal Transduction Signal Transduction Pathway Site Skeletal Muscle Slide Solutions Solvents Specificity Splice-Site Mutation Staining method Stains Structure Substrate Specificity Suggestion Sulfonylurea Compounds Surface Techniques Terminator Codon Testing Testis Thinking Time Transgenic Mice Universities Water Work afferent nerve base career cell motility cell type dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase early onset expression vector human disease in vitro activity in vivo inorganic phosphate insertion/deletion mutation insight insulin secretion interest interfacial member mouse model mutant myotubularin novel phosphatidylinositol 3,5-diphosphate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate platelet protein P47 preference professor protein protein interaction protein structure response rho sciatic nerve therapeutic target tool

项目摘要

The protein tyrosine phosphatase superfamily, all of which contain a highly conserved active site motif, Cys- X5-Arg (CX5R) are key mediators of a wide variety of cellular processes, including growth, metabolism, differentiation, motility, and programmed cell death. Our laboratory has demonstrated that some phosphatases harboring CX5R motifs utilize phosphoinositides instead of phosphoproteins as their physiological substrates. This includes the myotubularin (MTM) subfamily that removes the 3-phosphate from phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2. Mutations in MTM family members have been shown to cause the human neuromuscular disorders myotubular myopathy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). This proposal will continue to study the regulation of the MTM family of PTPs as well as another novel phosphatase known as PTPMT1. In the next five years, we plan to develop a better understanding of how levels of PI(3)P transmit signals in the cell. First, we will explore the roles of MTMR2 and MTMR13 with respect to a new protein known as Frabin.which senses changes in PI(3)P levels resulting in the modulation of the activity of CDC42 and other Rho-like GTPases. Specifically, we will examine Frabin's role in mediating PI(3)P signal transduction events in Schwann cells, cells that produce myelin for insulating axons. We will then determine if this signal transduction pathway is widely used in other cell types. Second, we have demonstrated that PTPMT1 regulates insulin secretion by decreasing ATP production in INS-1 cells. In order to address PTPMTI's mechanism of action, we genetically engineered mice in which the PTPMT1 gene has been ablated. We are characterizing these mice phenotypically and will combine a series of systemic and biochemical approaches to study the role of PTPMT1 in cellular and whole animal contexts.

蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶超家族，全部含有高度保守的活性位点基序，Cys- X5-Arg (CX5R) 是多种细胞过程的关键介质，包括生长、代谢、分化、运动和程序性细胞死亡。我们的实验室已经证明，一些含有 CX5R 基序的磷酸酶利用磷酸肌醇而不是磷蛋白作为其生理基质。这包括去除 3-磷酸盐的肌管蛋白 (MTM) 亚家族来自磷脂酰肌醇 3-磷酸 (PI(3)P) 和磷脂酰肌醇 3,5-二磷酸 (PI(3,5)P2)。 MTM家族成员的突变已被证明会导致人类神经肌肉疾病肌管肌病和腓骨肌萎缩症 (CMT)。本提案将继续研究 PTP 的 MTM 家族以及另一种称为 PTPMT1 的新型磷酸酶的调节。在接下来的五年内，我们计划更好地了解 PI(3)P 水平如何在细胞中传输信号。首先，我们将探讨 MTMR2 和 MTMR13 对于一种名为 Frabin 的新蛋白质的作用。感知 PI(3)P 水平的变化，从而调节 CDC42 和其他 Rho 样物质的活性 GT酶。具体来说，我们将研究 Frabin 在介导 PI(3)P 信号转导事件中的作用雪旺细胞，产生用于绝缘轴突的髓磷脂的细胞。然后我们将确定该信号是否转导途径广泛应用于其他细胞类型。其次，我们证明了 PTPMT1 通过减少 INS-1 细胞中 ATP 的产生来调节胰岛素分泌。为了解决 PTPMTI 的问题作用机制，我们对小鼠进行了基因工程改造，其中 PTPMT1 基因已被消除。我们是表征这些小鼠的表型，并将结合一系列系统和生化方法研究 PTPMT1 在细胞和整个动物环境中的作用。