SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES EXPOSURE IN HUMANS IN RURAL CAMEROON

喀麦隆农村地区人类接触猿猴免疫缺陷病毒的情况

• 批准号: 8172971
• 负责人: CRISTIAN APETREI
• 金额: $ 6.18万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172971
• 关键词: Biological Assay; Cameroon; Central Africa; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Event; Funding; Grant; HIV; HIV-1; Human; Immunoblotting; Individual; Infection; Institution; Pan Genus; Peptides; Plasma Cells; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rural; SIV; Sampling; Screening procedure; Source; Syringes; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Virus; pandemic disease; transmission process

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. HIV-1 infection emerged in Central Africa 50/60 years ago from a simian source (SIVcpz from chimpanzees). At least 4 cross-species transmission events have occurred, generating groups M, N, O and P. All 4 HIV-1 groups co-circulate in Cameroon. The mechanism of HIV emergence is unknown. We have investigated the evidence of SIV infections in samples collected from humans in rural Cameroon. Plasma, cells, and matched syringe washes were collected from 1536 individuals and tested by Determine (Abbott,) rapid test and Inno-Lia Immunoblot (Innogenetics) as screening tests. All the samples showing reactivities in InnoLia were retested in an SIV specific peptide assay which contains both gp41 and V3 peptides. Our results confirmed that HIV-1 group M is the main viral form in Cameroon. We have identified HIV-1 group O in less than 5% of samples. Interestingly 3% of the tested samples, while negative by determine and indeterminate by InnoLia showed anti-SIV reactivities. These samples reacted with SIVcpz, SIVrcm and SIVmnd-2 peptides. None of these samples were positive by PCR suggesting the clearance of SIV infection after cross-species transmission. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that cross-species transmission of SIV to humans may occur in the epicenters of HIV pandemic. However, as suggested by our results, direct cross-species transmitted viruses appear to be cleared by the human host.

该子项目是利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 50/60年前，艾滋病毒1感染出现在中非，来自猿类（来自黑猩猩的SIVcpz）。至少发生了4起跨物种传播事件，产生了M、N、O和P群。艾滋病毒出现的机制尚不清楚。我们调查了从喀麦隆农村采集的人类样本中SIV感染的证据。从1536名个体中收集血浆、细胞和匹配的注射器洗涤液，并通过Determine（Abbott）快速检测和Inno-Lia免疫印迹（Innogenetics）进行检测，作为筛选试验。在含有gp 41和V3肽的SIV特异性肽测定中重新检测了在InnoLia中显示反应性的所有样品。我们的研究结果证实，HIV-1 M组是喀麦隆的主要病毒形式。我们在不到5%的样本中鉴定出了HIV-1 O组。有趣的是，3%的测试样品，而确定和不确定的InnoLia显示抗SIV反应性。这些样品与SIVcpz、SIVrcm和SIVmnd-2肽反应。这些样本经PCR检测均为阴性，表明SIV感染在跨种属传播后已被清除。总之，我们已经证明，SIV跨物种传播给人类可能发生在HIV流行的震中。然而，正如我们的研究结果所表明的那样，直接跨物种传播的病毒似乎可以被人类宿主清除。