Oligodendrocytes and neuron pathology in cingulate cortex

项目1.项目1.精神分裂症患者少突胶质细胞的调查。脱髓鞘疾病一直是 已知与行为变化有关。近年来，几种髓鞘相关基因的表达水平 研究表明，死后精神分裂症患者大脑中的基因持续减少 控制。磁转移成像(MTI)也显示髓鞘含量持续减少。 精神分裂症患者的大脑。扩散张量成像(DTI)，测量白质束的方向性， 已经显示精神分裂症患者大脑的各向异性减少，这表明白质神经元的分裂。 这种疾病中物质束的连贯性和方向性。这些数据加在一起，有力地证明了 精神分裂症患者少突胶质细胞功能障碍。前扣带回皮质在 动机、注意力和行为，作为边缘系统的一个组成部分，在情感和记忆中。它有 通过对死后细胞结构变化和功能的研究，明确与精神分裂症有关 影像显示精神分裂症患者这一区域代谢低下。在这个项目中，我们提出了一个量化的 少突胶质细胞病变与细胞结构异常的可能关系分析 精神分裂症患者死后脑内扣带回皮质与神经病理和脑的关系 相关突变小鼠的成像分析，如颤抖小鼠，以及转基因小鼠 例如MAG、RPTPfi、CNPase或MAGI敲除。我们的分析将使用先进的显微镜 定量方法包括细胞计数的最严格的体视学方法，估计者 细胞的空间分布和细胞结构边界，以及细胞内的单细胞形态 装载荧光染料或以基因枪为基础的基因芯片技术。我们还在评估进展情况 9.4T下活体高场磁共振显微镜下脑白质完整性的潜在变化 相关的鼠标型号。人体标本与相关小鼠模型的联合分析 这个项目的背景提供了一个极好的机会来研究具有临床意义的髓鞘缺陷 并确定神经元的分子、发育和形态特征 其改变可能是精神分裂症发病机制和临床表现的基础。 其改变的神经元回路的分子、发育和形态特征 可能是精神分裂症发病机制和临床表现的基础。

Project 1. Project 1. An investigation of oligodendroglia in schizophrenia. Demyelinating diseases have been known to be associated with behavioral changes. Recently, the expression levels of several myelin-related genes have been shown to be consistently decreased in postmortem schizophrenic brains compared to controls. Magnetic transfer imaging (MTI) has also shown consistent reduction in myelin content in schizophrenic brains. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which measures the directionality of white matter tracts, has shown a decrease in anisotropy in the brains of schizophrenic patients, suggesting disruptions in white matter tract coherence and directionality in this disease. These data together make a strong case for oligodendrocyte dysfunction in schizophrenia. The anterior cingulate cortex plays a significant role in motivation, attention, and behavior and, as a component of the limbic system, in affect and memory. It has been clearly implicated in schizophrenia by studies of cytoarchitectural postmortem changes and functional imaging showing hypometabolism in this region in schizophrenia. In this project, we propose a quantitative analysis of possible relationships between oligodendrocytic pathology and abnormalities in cytoarchitecture in the cingulate cortex of postmortem brains from schizophrenic patients and neuropathologic and brain imaging analyses of relevant mice mutants such as the Quaking mouse, as well as genetically modified mice such as MAG, RPTPfi, CNPase, or MAGI knock-outs. Our analyses will use advanced microscopy quantitative approaches including the most rigorous stereologic methods for cell counting, estimators of spatial cellular distribution and cytoarchitectural boundaries, as well as single cell morphology by intracellular loading of fluorescent dyes or gene-gun-based DiOlistics techniques. We also are assessing progression of potential changes in white matter integrity using high field magnetic resonance microscopy in vivo at 9.4 T in the relevant mouse models. The combined analysis of human specimens and relevant mice models within the context of this program offers a superb opportunity to investigate myelin deficits that have a clinical impact and to determine the molecular, developmental, and morphologic characteristics of the neuronal circuits whose alteration is likely to underlie the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of schizophrenia. the molecular, developmental, and morphologic characteristics of the neuronal circuits whose alteration is likely to underlie the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of schizophrenia.