Project 3: The neurobiology of adverse early care in rhesus infants....

项目 3：恒河猴婴儿不良早期护理的神经生物学......

• 批准号: 8041052
• 负责人: MAR M SANCHEZ
• 金额: $ 45.81万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8041052
• 关键词: Affective; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Brain; Caregivers; Caring; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Cognitive; Computer Systems Development; Corticotropin; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Data; Development; Dimensions; Emotional; Emotions; Employee Strikes; Ethics; Fostering; Fright; Goals; Human; Human Development; Hydrocortisone; Image; Impulsivity; Infant; Institutionalization; Laboratories; Life; Life Stress; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Maps; Maternal Behavior; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Neurobiology; Neuropeptides; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathologic Processes; Pathology; Pattern; Physiological; Physiology; Plasma; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Regulation; Retrieval; Risk; Role; Stress; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Translating; Translations; Ursidae Family; Vasopressins; Videotape; Work; abuse neglect; caregiving; design; experience; foster care; in vivo; maltreatment; monoamine; neurochemistry; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; nonhuman primate; physical abuse; prevent; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; social; social group; white matter

Project 3 uses a nonhuman primate model of early life stress (ELS) in the form of adverse early care to provide information on its neurodevelopmental impact using methods that cannot be used with the very young children studied in the Center's human projects (1 & 2). By nesting our rhesus project in the context of comparable work on young children exposed to ELS, and by using comparable measures of behavior and physiology across species, we are in a unique position to use the neurodevelopmental findings to understand the neural systems impacted by ELS in young primates. We have chosen a nonhuman model of adverse early care, maternal maltreatment, with striking resemblance to human maltreatment. The targeted developmental period in Project 3 is birth through 18 mos, which corresponds to the birth to 6-7 yr period targeted in our human projects. In both species this developmental period is one of rapid brain development believed to be vulnerable to ELS impact. Project 3 will assess all Center aims: (1) to test the hypothesis that ELS sensitizes developing stress- and threat-response systems and alters the development of prefrontal circuits involved in emotion- and attention-regulation; and (2) to examine the dimensions of caregiving associatedwith this sensitization of stress- and threat-response systems. Project 3 shares aims and methods with Projects 1 (foster care) and 2 (post-institutionalization). In Aim 1 stress system activity is assessed using plasma cortisol and ACTH and CSF measures of neuropeptides (CRF, AVP) and moncaminergic function; alterations in emotional behavior (fear, anxiety) are assessed from observations in the social groups and laboratory challenges; prefrontal attention- and behavior-regulatory function is assessed using tasks of attention regulation (ID/ED shift), impulsivity (Object Retrieval/Detour) and inhibitory control of behavior (Reinforcer Devaluation); effects of ELS on neurodevelopment are assessed by structural MRI, DTI and MRS. In Aim 2, caregiving behavior is assessedfocusing on the sensitivity and rejection dimensions from observations in the social groups and from videotapes using qualitative ratings. This project draws all five cores of the Center.

项目3使用非人类灵长类动物的早期生活压力模型（ELS）的形式不利的早期护理