Project 3: The neurobiology of adverse early care in rhesus infants....

项目 3：恒河猴婴儿不良早期护理的神经生物学......

• 批准号: 7623723
• 负责人: MAR M SANCHEZ
• 金额: $ 46.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7623723
• 关键词: Affective; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Brain; Caregivers; Caring; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Child; Cognitive; Computer Systems Development; Corticotropin; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Data; Development; Dimensions; Emotional; Emotions; Employee Strikes; Ethics; Fostering; Fright; Goals; Human; Human Development; Hydrocortisone; Image; Impulsivity; Infant; Institutionalization; Laboratories; Life; Life Stress; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Maps; Maternal Behavior; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Neurobiology; Neuropeptides; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pathologic Processes; Pathology; Pattern; Physiological; Physiology; Plasma; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Regulation; Retrieval; Risk; Role; Stress; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Translating; Translations; Ursidae Family; Vasopressins; Videotape; Work; abuse neglect; caregiving; design; early experience; experience; foster care; in vivo; maltreatment; monoamine; neurobehavioral; neurochemistry; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; nonhuman primate; physical abuse; prevent; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; social; social group; white matter

Project 3 uses a nonhuman primate model of early life stress (ELS) in the form of adverse early care to provide information on its neurodevelopmental impact using methods that cannot be used with the very young children studied in the Center's human projects (1 & 2). By nesting our rhesus project in the context of comparable work on young children exposed to ELS, and by using comparable measures of behavior and physiology across species, we are in a unique position to use the neurodevelopmental findings to understand the neural systems impacted by ELS in young primates. We have chosen a nonhuman model of adverse early care, maternal maltreatment, with striking resemblance to human maltreatment. The targeted developmental period in Project 3 is birth through 18 mos, which corresponds to the birth to 6-7 yr period targeted in our human projects. In both species this developmental period is one of rapid brain development believed to be vulnerable to ELS impact. Project 3 will assess all Center aims: (1) to test the hypothesis that ELS sensitizes developing stress- and threat-response systems and alters the development of prefrontal circuits involved in emotion- and attention-regulation; and (2) to examine the dimensions of caregiving associatedwith this sensitization of stress- and threat-response systems. Project 3 shares aims and methods with Projects 1 (foster care) and 2 (post-institutionalization). In Aim 1 stress system activity is assessed using plasma cortisol and ACTH and CSF measures of neuropeptides (CRF, AVP) and moncaminergic function; alterations in emotional behavior (fear, anxiety) are assessed from observations in the social groups and laboratory challenges; prefrontal attention- and behavior-regulatory function is assessed using tasks of attention regulation (ID/ED shift), impulsivity (Object Retrieval/Detour) and inhibitory control of behavior (Reinforcer Devaluation); effects of ELS on neurodevelopment are assessed by structural MRI, DTI and MRS. In Aim 2, caregiving behavior is assessedfocusing on the sensitivity and rejection dimensions from observations in the social groups and from videotapes using qualitative ratings. This project draws all five cores of the Center.

项目3使用非人类灵长类动物模型的早期生活压力（ELS）的形式不利的早期护理， 使用不能与非常使用的方法提供有关其神经发育影响的信息 在中心的人类项目中学习的幼儿（1和2）。通过将我们的恒河猴项目嵌套在 对暴露于ELS的幼儿进行的可比工作，以及使用可比的行为测量， 和生理学，我们处于一个独特的位置，可以利用神经发育的发现， 了解ELS对年轻灵长类动物神经系统的影响。我们选择了一个非人类的模型 不良的早期护理，母亲的虐待，与人类的虐待惊人的相似。的 项目3中的目标发育期为出生至18个月，相当于出生至6-7岁 在我们的人类计划中。在这两个物种，这一发展时期是一个快速的大脑 被认为易受ELS影响的发展。 项目3将评估中心的所有目标：（1）检验ELS对发展中压力敏感的假设， 威胁反应系统，并改变涉及情绪的前额叶回路的发展， 注意力调节;（2）检查与这种敏感性相关的注意力调节的维度。 压力和威胁反应系统。项目3与项目1（寄养）的目标和方法相同， 2.（机构化后）。在目的1中，使用血浆皮质醇和ACTH评估应激系统活性， CSF测量神经肽（CRF、AVP）和moncaminergic功能;情绪变化 行为（恐惧，焦虑）是从社会群体和实验室挑战的观察评估; 使用注意力调节任务（ID/艾德）评估前额叶注意力和行为调节功能 转移）、冲动性（物体提取/绕道）和行为抑制控制（强化物贬值）; 通过结构MRI、DTI和MRS评估ELS对神经发育的影响。 行为评估侧重于从社会观察的敏感性和拒绝维度 使用定性评级的团体和录像带。这个项目吸引了中心的所有五个核心。