Project 3: The neurobiology of adverse early care in rhesus infants....

项目 3：恒河猴婴儿不良早期护理的神经生物学......

基本信息

批准号：
7623723
负责人：
MAR M SANCHEZ
金额：
$ 46.51万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-03-01 至 2014-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7623723
关键词：
Affective Anxiety Attention Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Biological Markers Birth Brain Caregivers Caring Cerebrospinal Fluid Child Cognitive Computer Systems Development Corticotropin Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Data Development Dimensions Emotional Emotions Employee Strikes Ethics Fostering Fright Goals Human Human Development Hydrocortisone Image Impulsivity Infant Institutionalization Laboratories Life Life Stress Macaca mulatta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Maps Maternal Behavior Measures Methods Modeling Monkeys Neurobiology Neuropeptides Outcome Parenting behavior Parents Pathologic Processes Pathology Pattern Physiological Physiology Plasma Positioning Attribute Primates Regulation Retrieval Risk Role Stress Structure System Techniques Testing Translating Translations Ursidae Family Vasopressins Videotape Work abuse neglect caregiving design early experience experience foster care in vivo maltreatment monoamine neurobehavioral neurochemistry neurodevelopment neuroimaging nonhuman primate physical abuse prevent reinforcer relating to nervous system response social social group white matter

项目摘要

Project 3 uses a nonhuman primate model of early life stress (ELS) in the form of adverse early care to provide information on its neurodevelopmental impact using methods that cannot be used with the very young children studied in the Center's human projects (1 & 2). By nesting our rhesus project in the context of comparable work on young children exposed to ELS, and by using comparable measures of behavior and physiology across species, we are in a unique position to use the neurodevelopmental findings to understand the neural systems impacted by ELS in young primates. We have chosen a nonhuman model of adverse early care, maternal maltreatment, with striking resemblance to human maltreatment. The targeted developmental period in Project 3 is birth through 18 mos, which corresponds to the birth to 6-7 yr period targeted in our human projects. In both species this developmental period is one of rapid brain development believed to be vulnerable to ELS impact. Project 3 will assess all Center aims: (1) to test the hypothesis that ELS sensitizes developing stress- and threat-response systems and alters the development of prefrontal circuits involved in emotion- and attention-regulation; and (2) to examine the dimensions of caregiving associatedwith this sensitization of stress- and threat-response systems. Project 3 shares aims and methods with Projects 1 (foster care) and 2 (post-institutionalization). In Aim 1 stress system activity is assessed using plasma cortisol and ACTH and CSF measures of neuropeptides (CRF, AVP) and moncaminergic function; alterations in emotional behavior (fear, anxiety) are assessed from observations in the social groups and laboratory challenges; prefrontal attention- and behavior-regulatory function is assessed using tasks of attention regulation (ID/ED shift), impulsivity (Object Retrieval/Detour) and inhibitory control of behavior (Reinforcer Devaluation); effects of ELS on neurodevelopment are assessed by structural MRI, DTI and MRS. In Aim 2, caregiving behavior is assessedfocusing on the sensitivity and rejection dimensions from observations in the social groups and from videotapes using qualitative ratings. This project draws all five cores of the Center.

项目3以不利的早期护理形式使用非人类的灵长类动物模型（ELS）提供有关其神经发育影响的信息幼儿在中心的人类项目（1＆2）学习。通过在上下文中筑巢对暴露于EL的幼儿以及使用可比的行为度量的可比工作和跨物种的生理学，我们处于使用神经发育发现的独特位置了解年轻灵长类动物影响的神经系统。我们选择了一个非人类模型不良的早期护理，孕产妇虐待，与人类虐待相似。这项目3中的有针对性的发育期是通过18个MOS出生，对应于6 - 7年的出生时期针对我们的人类项目。在这两个物种中，这个发育时期都是大脑的速度之一被认为容易受到ELS影响的发展。项目3将评估所有中心的目的：（1）测试以下假设，即ELS敏感了发展应力和威胁响应系统并改变了与情感和情感相关的前额叶电路的发展注意调节；（2）检查照顾的维度压力和威胁响应系统。项目3的项目目标和方法1（寄养）和 2（机构化后）。在AIM 1应力系统活动中，使用血浆皮质醇和ACTH评估 CSF的神经肽（CRF，AVP）和moncamin能量的测量；情绪改变从社会群体和实验室挑战中的观察结果中评估行为（恐惧，焦虑）；使用注意调节任务评估前额叶注意力和行为调节功能（ID/ED 移位），冲动性（物体检索/弯路）和对行为的抑制控制（增强贬值）； EL对神经发育的影响通过结构MRI，DTI和MRS评估。在AIM 2，护理行为正在评估社会观察结果的敏感性和拒绝维度组和录像带使用定性评级。该项目吸引了中心的所有五个核心。