Identifying Protective Factors That Reduce Violence Among Maltreated Youth

确定减少受虐待青少年暴力的保护因素

• 批准号: 8136054
• 负责人: TERRI H. LEWIS
• 金额: $ 7.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8136054
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Aggressive behavior; American; Birth; Buffers; Caring; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Communities; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Enrollment; Exposure to; Family; Foxes; Gender; Individual; Informal Social Control; Interview; Investigation; Latino; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Parent-Child Relations; Participant; Pathway interactions; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Societies; Time; Violence; Youth; cohort; high risk; informant; maltreatment; parental monitoring; perpetrators; prevent; prospective; public health relevance; social attachment; social skills; young adult; youth violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This investigation proposes to identify protective factors to prevent and/or buffer youth perpetration of aggression, delinquency, and violent behaviors. Data will be drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN). LONGSCAN is the largest prospective study of 1,354 children who have been maltreated or who were thought to be at risk for maltreatment. Children in this cohort have been carefully followed since age 4 with extensive data collected every two years until age 18. Aggressive behavior and delinquency have been carefully measured repeatedly from multiple informants. This dataset is ideal for examining the pathways to delinquency that may be linked to a history of child maltreatment and witnessed violence and for examining protective factors that offset those pathways. Data from ages 4 through 16 will serve as the study sample for these proposed analyses. Data collection has been completed through age 14, and will be completed for the age 16 interviews by the beginning of 2009. Currently, 1,135 participants have completed one or more of the targeted interviews (12, 14, and 16), comprising 84% of the baseline sample. The gender distribution for the baseline sample, and for the corresponding analysis sample, is approximately equally distributed. Slightly over half of the baseline sample is African American (55.2%), followed by Caucasian (25.0%), mixed race (11.2%), Latino/a (7.2%), and other (1.4%). Study aims for this proposal are (1) determine the stability of risk and protective factors and the ability of factors to offset risks in reducing the perpetration of youth violence at three time points measured during the adolescent period, (2) examine the cumulative buffering effect given the addition of each protective factor, and (3) for those youth already engaging in violence and aggression, determine which factors increase the likelihood of desistence at ages 14 and 16. Proposed protective factors include supportive adult, mandated substitute care, social skills, academic commitment, neighborhood social bonding and informal social control, parental monitoring, and parent-child relationship quality. Risk factors include child maltreatment, exposure to violence, early aggression and delinquency. The utilization of the LONGSCAN data to examine risk and protective factors of maltreated youth affords and unique and powerful opportunity to explore these factors within and across levels of the socio-ecological model at multiple time points during adolescence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Violence is a serious public health problem facing every sector of American society, disproportionately affecting children, adolescents and young adults. We propose to analyze data already collected from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN) to identify factors that compensate and/or modify the effects of risk on adolescent perpetration of violence and aggression in a high risk sample of youth. This dataset is ideal for examining the pathways to delinquency that may be linked to a history of child maltreatment and witnessed violence and for examining protective factors that offset those pathways.

描述（由申请人提供）：本调查旨在确定保护因素，以防止和/或缓冲青少年犯下的侵略，犯罪和暴力行为。数据将来自虐待儿童和虐待儿童的纵向研究（LONGSCAN）。LONGSCAN是对1，354名遭受虐待或被认为有虐待风险的儿童进行的最大的前瞻性研究。该队列中的儿童从4岁起就被仔细跟踪，每两年收集一次广泛的数据，直到18岁。攻击性行为和犯罪行为已经从多个线人中反复仔细测量。该数据集非常适合研究可能与虐待儿童和目睹暴力历史有关的犯罪途径，并研究抵消这些途径的保护因素。从4岁到16岁的数据将作为这些拟议分析的研究样本。数据收集工作已完成至14岁，16岁的访谈将于2009年初完成。目前，1，135名参与者完成了一次或多次有针对性的访谈（12，14和16），占基线样本的84%。基线样本和相应分析样本的性别分布大致相等。略超过一半的基线样本是非洲裔美国人（55.2%），其次是高加索人（25.0%），混合种族（11.2%），拉丁美洲人/a（7.2%）和其他（1.4%）。这项建议的研究目的是：（1）确定风险和保护因素的稳定性，以及这些因素在减少青少年时期三个时间点的青少年暴力行为方面抵消风险的能力;（2）研究增加每一个保护因素后的累积缓冲效应;（3）对于那些已经从事暴力和攻击的青少年，确定哪些因素增加了14岁和16岁时停止吸毒的可能性。建议的保护因素包括支持性成人，强制替代护理，社会技能，学术承诺，邻里社会纽带和非正式的社会控制，父母的监督，和亲子关系质量。风险因素包括虐待儿童、遭受暴力、早期攻击和少年犯罪。利用LONGSCAN数据来研究受虐待青少年的风险和保护因素，提供了独特而强大的机会，可以在青春期的多个时间点在社会生态模型的内部和跨层次探索这些因素。 公共卫生相关性：暴力是美国社会各个部门面临的一个严重的公共卫生问题，对儿童、青少年和年轻人的影响尤为严重。我们建议分析已经收集的数据，从纵向研究的虐待儿童和虐待儿童（LONGSCAN），以确定补偿和/或修改的影响风险的青少年犯下的暴力和侵略的高风险样本的青年。该数据集非常适合研究可能与虐待儿童和目睹暴力历史有关的犯罪途径，并研究抵消这些途径的保护因素。