Iodinated disinfection byproducts from iodine tablets and chloramine disinfe--OLD

碘片和氯胺消毒的碘化消毒副产物--OLD

• 批准号: 8046471
• 负责人: Gretchen Dara Onstad
• 金额: $ 7.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8046471
• 关键词: Acids; Adsorption; Analytical Chemistry; Back; Bromides; Bromine; California; Carbon; Carcinogens; Chloramines; Chlorine; Cities; Communities; Detection; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Dose; Emergency Situation; Excision; Exposure to; Filtration; Health; Health Professional; Human; Iodides; Iodine; Laboratories; Literature; Mammalian Cell; Measures; Methods; Military Personnel; Oxidants; Ozone; Pacific States; Peace Corps; Pilot Projects; Plant Resins; Plants; Poison; Prevalence; Prevalence Study; Public Health; Reporting; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Social Welfare; Source; Stream; System; Tablets; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; Trihalomethanes; U-Series Cooperative Agreements; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Washington; Water; Work; analytical method; cytotoxic; design; drinking water; empowered; exposed human population; improved; oxidation; public health relevance; volunteer; water sampling; water treatment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Iodinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) have recently been detected in US drinking water treatment plants using chloramine, a disinfectant replacement for chlorine that was introduced in order to minimize the formation of the four regulated chloro-bromo trihalomethanes (THMs), which are potential human carcinogens. The iodinated THMs and other DBPs in drinking water are more genotoxic and cytotoxic to mammalian cells than the chloro-bromo counterparts. Therefore, their detection and minimization is crucial to protect public health. Our study aims to validate, in our laboratory, sensitive and specific analytical methods for detection of these compounds, to measure their occurrence in chloraminated drinking waters, to determine the potential for their formation in natural waters treated with emergency disinfection iodine tablets, to measure the ability of granular activated carbon filters to remove iodinated DBPs from water, and to identify the potential human health risk associated with use of iodine tablets as a point-of- use strategy for disinfection of drinking water. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Due to their apparent toxicity to humans, the iodinated disinfection byproducts pose a potential public health risk to (1) military troops or Peace Corps volunteers that rely on iodine tablets or iodinated resin filters for drinking water disinfection for long periods of time and (2) coastal communities with drinking water treatment plants that treat their high iodide source water with chloramine disinfection which transforms the iodide to iodine. Our pilot study aims to measure the occurrence of iodinated DBPs in both cases and to identify the potential human health risk associated with these exposures.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近在使用氯胺的美国饮用水处理厂中检测到了碘化消毒副产物（DBP），氯胺是氯的消毒剂替代品，其引入是为了最大限度地减少四种受管制的氯溴三卤甲烷（THM）的形成，这四种物质是潜在的人类致癌物。饮用水中的碘化 THM 和其他 DBP 对哺乳动物细胞的基因毒性和细胞毒性比氯溴对应物更强。因此，检测和尽量减少它们对于保护公众健康至关重要。我们的研究旨在在我们的实验室中验证检测这些化合物的敏感和特异分析方法，测量它们在氯胺化饮用水中的出现情况，确定它们在用紧急消毒碘片处理的天然水中形成的可能性，测量颗粒活性炭过滤器从水中去除碘化 DBP 的能力，并确定与使用碘片作为点相关的潜在人类健康风险。 饮用水消毒的使用策略。 公共卫生相关性：由于碘化消毒副产物对人类具有明显的毒性，因此对以下方面构成潜在的公共卫生风险：(1) 长期依靠碘片或碘化树脂过滤器进行饮用水消毒的军队或和平队志愿者，以及 (2) 拥有饮用水处理厂的沿海社区，这些社区采用氯胺消毒法处理高碘水源水，氯胺消毒可转化碘化物 到碘。我们的试点研究旨在测量这两种情况下碘化 DBP 的出现情况，并确定与这些暴露相关的潜在人类健康风险。