A Partnership Initiative for HIV Prevention Trials

艾滋病毒预防试验合作倡议

• 批准号: 8084115
• 负责人: Kathleen M MacQueen
• 金额: $ 49.26万
• 依托单位: FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-11 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8084115
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; African American; Age; Attitude; Behavior; Collaborations; Communities; Community Surveys; Creativeness; Data Collection; Discrimination; Educational Curriculum; Ensure; Ethnography; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Fostering; Future; Group Affiliation; HIV prevention trial; Interview; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Participant; Policies; Population; Prevention program; Problem Solving; Process; Prophylactic treatment; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk; Sampling; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Trust; United States; Vaccines; community based participatory research; effective intervention; experience; health disparity; improved; literacy; microbicide; programs; public health relevance; success; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research addresses a critical question for the future success of vaccine, microbicide, pre-exposure prophylaxis and other emerging HIV prevention technologies in the United States: How can we ensure that the community support and program capacity to evaluate and deliver new HIV prevention technologies are available where they are most needed? The research setting (Durham, NC) provides an ideal context to conduct research to address this question. The 5-year study will evaluate a systematic partnership-building approach for HIV prevention trial planning and implementation. The research aims are three-fold. AIM 1 is to implement and conduct a process evaluation of a systematic community-based participatory research model to build support for new HIV prevention technologies in the African American community. This is accomplished through use of a conceptual framework that (1) integrates research with policy, community, behavior, and programs; (2) builds on community-based participatory research principles; (3) uses ethnography to generate empirical evidence to inform research design and provide a bridge between local residents, the research team, and other stakeholder groups; and (4) draws on group theory to refine the structure of stakeholder involvement and foster inclusiveness, creativity and active problem-solving. AIM 2 is to describe the communities and group affiliations that exist among young (ages 18-30) at-risk African Americans, and measure the relationship among experiences of discrimination, levels of trust, and support for new HIV prevention technologies in this population. AIM 3 is to identify priorities for evaluating and implementing new HIV prevention technologies in the African American community. Research methods include participant observation, ethnographic mapping, focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and quantitative surveys. An HIV prevention technologies research literacy curriculum will be developed, implemented and evaluated; the evaluation will include an assessment of community attitudes toward research on specific HIV prevention technologies. Support for and feasibility of collaboration in conducting local research on new HIV prevention technologies will assessed with multiple stakeholder groups including researchers. Across all years a two-way process evaluation of the evolving community partnership will be undertaken. Sampling strategies include respondent-driven sampling for a community survey of young at-risk African Americans in Years 2 and 3; purposive sampling will be used for all other data collection activities. The results of all data collection activities will be presented to community partners and guidance solicited for next steps in evaluating and delivering new HIV prevention technologies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: African Americans experience significant health disparities and this is especially evident with regard to HIV/AIDS in the U.S. South. Improving the capacity for HIV prevention trials in partnership with African American communities will lay the groundwork for moving effective interventions into successful prevention programs.

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的研究解决了疫苗、杀微生物剂、暴露前预防和其他新兴艾滋病毒预防技术在美国未来成功的关键问题：我们如何确保社区支持和计划能力，以评估和交付新的艾滋病毒预防技术，在最需要它们的地方？研究环境(达勒姆，北卡罗来纳州)为开展研究以解决这一问题提供了理想的背景。这项为期5年的研究将评估艾滋病毒预防、试验规划和实施的系统伙伴关系建设办法。研究目的有三个方面。目标1是实施和进行系统的以社区为基础的参与性研究模式的过程评估，以在非裔美国人社区建立对新的艾滋病毒预防技术的支持。这是通过使用一个概念框架来实现的，该框架(1)将研究与政策、社区、行为和项目相结合；(2)建立基于社区的参与性研究原则；(3)使用人种志来生成实证证据，为研究设计提供信息，并在当地居民、研究团队和其他利益相关者群体之间提供桥梁；以及(4)利用群体理论来完善利益相关者参与的结构，并培养包容性、创造性和积极解决问题的能力。目标2是描述青年(18-30岁)高危非裔美国人中存在的社区和群体从属关系，并衡量这一群体中歧视经历、信任水平和对新艾滋病毒预防技术的支持之间的关系。目标3是确定在非洲裔美国人社区评估和实施新的艾滋病毒预防技术的优先事项。研究方法包括参与者观察法、民族志地图法、焦点小组法、半结构式访谈和定量调查法。将制定、实施和评估艾滋病毒预防技术研究扫盲课程；评估将包括评估社区对具体艾滋病毒预防技术研究的态度。将与包括研究人员在内的多个利益攸关方团体一起评估对开展新的艾滋病毒预防技术的地方研究的支持和协作的可行性。在所有年份中，将对不断发展的社区伙伴关系进行双向进程评价。抽样战略包括在第二年和第三年对处于危险中的非洲裔美国年轻人进行社区调查时由受访者驱动的抽样；所有其他数据收集活动将使用有目的的抽样。将向社区合作伙伴介绍所有数据收集活动的结果，并就评估和提供新的艾滋病毒预防技术的下一步行动征求指导意见。 与公共健康相关：非洲裔美国人的健康差距很大，这一点在美国南部的艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题上尤为明显。与非裔美国人社区合作，提高艾滋病毒预防试验的能力，将为将有效的干预措施转化为成功的预防方案奠定基础。