A Partnership Initiative for HIV Prevention Trials

艾滋病毒预防试验合作倡议

• 批准号: 7686221
• 负责人: Kathleen M MacQueen
• 金额: $ 53.4万
• 依托单位: FAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-11 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7686221
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; African American; Age; Attitude; Behavior; Classification; Collaborations; Communities; Community Surveys; Creativeness; Data Collection; Discrimination; Educational Curriculum; Ensure; Ethnography; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Fostering; Future; Group Affiliation; HIV prevention trial; Interview; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Participant; Policies; Population; Prevention program; Problem Solving; Process; Prophylactic treatment; Research; Research Design; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk; Sampling; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Trust; United States; Vaccines; community based participatory research; effective intervention; experience; health disparity; improved; literacy; microbicide; programs; public health relevance; success; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research addresses a critical question for the future success of vaccine, microbicide, pre-exposure prophylaxis and other emerging HIV prevention technologies in the United States: How can we ensure that the community support and program capacity to evaluate and deliver new HIV prevention technologies are available where they are most needed? The research setting (Durham, NC) provides an ideal context to conduct research to address this question. The 5-year study will evaluate a systematic partnership-building approach for HIV prevention trial planning and implementation. The research aims are three-fold. AIM 1 is to implement and conduct a process evaluation of a systematic community-based participatory research model to build support for new HIV prevention technologies in the African American community. This is accomplished through use of a conceptual framework that (1) integrates research with policy, community, behavior, and programs; (2) builds on community-based participatory research principles; (3) uses ethnography to generate empirical evidence to inform research design and provide a bridge between local residents, the research team, and other stakeholder groups; and (4) draws on group theory to refine the structure of stakeholder involvement and foster inclusiveness, creativity and active problem-solving. AIM 2 is to describe the communities and group affiliations that exist among young (ages 18-30) at-risk African Americans, and measure the relationship among experiences of discrimination, levels of trust, and support for new HIV prevention technologies in this population. AIM 3 is to identify priorities for evaluating and implementing new HIV prevention technologies in the African American community. Research methods include participant observation, ethnographic mapping, focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and quantitative surveys. An HIV prevention technologies research literacy curriculum will be developed, implemented and evaluated; the evaluation will include an assessment of community attitudes toward research on specific HIV prevention technologies. Support for and feasibility of collaboration in conducting local research on new HIV prevention technologies will assessed with multiple stakeholder groups including researchers. Across all years a two-way process evaluation of the evolving community partnership will be undertaken. Sampling strategies include respondent-driven sampling for a community survey of young at-risk African Americans in Years 2 and 3; purposive sampling will be used for all other data collection activities. The results of all data collection activities will be presented to community partners and guidance solicited for next steps in evaluating and delivering new HIV prevention technologies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: African Americans experience significant health disparities and this is especially evident with regard to HIV/AIDS in the U.S. South. Improving the capacity for HIV prevention trials in partnership with African American communities will lay the groundwork for moving effective interventions into successful prevention programs.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究解决了疫苗、杀微生物剂、暴露前预防和其他新兴艾滋病毒预防技术在美国未来成功的一个关键问题：我们如何确保社区支持和项目能力，以评估和提供新的艾滋病毒预防技术，在最需要的地方是可用的？研究设置（达勒姆，北卡罗来纳州）提供了一个理想的环境进行研究，以解决这个问题。这项为期5年的研究将评估在艾滋病毒预防试验规划和实施方面建立系统伙伴关系的方法。这项研究的目的有三个方面。目标1是实施并开展一个系统的基于社区的参与性研究模式的过程评估，以在非裔美国人社区为新的艾滋病毒预防技术提供支持。这是通过使用一个概念框架来实现的：(1)将研究与政策、社区、行为和计划相结合；(2)以社区参与研究原则为基础；(3)利用民族志产生经验证据，为研究设计提供信息，并为当地居民、研究团队和其他利益相关者群体之间提供桥梁；(4)利用群体理论来完善利益相关者参与的结构，培养包容性、创造性和积极解决问题的能力。目标2是描述存在于年轻（18-30岁）高危非裔美国人中的社区和团体关系，并衡量这一人群中歧视经历、信任水平和对新的艾滋病毒预防技术的支持之间的关系。目标3是确定在非裔美国人社区评估和实施新的艾滋病毒预防技术的优先事项。研究方法包括参与观察、民族志绘图、焦点小组、半结构化访谈和定量调查。将编制、执行和评价艾滋病毒预防技术研究扫盲课程；评估将包括评估社区对具体艾滋病毒预防技术研究的态度。将与包括研究人员在内的多个利益攸关方团体一起评估在开展新的艾滋病毒预防技术的当地研究方面进行合作的支持和可行性。将在所有年份对不断发展的社区伙伴关系进行双向进程评价。抽样策略包括对2年级和3年级有风险的年轻非洲裔美国人进行社区调查的受访者驱动抽样；所有其他数据收集活动将采用目的性抽样。所有数据收集活动的结果将提交给社区合作伙伴，并为评估和提供新的艾滋病毒预防技术的后续步骤征求指导。