Child Safety Seat Intervention for Pacific Northwest Tribes

描述（由申请人提供）：机动车碰撞是美国印第安人（Al）儿童死亡的主要原因，适当使用适合年龄的儿童约束系统可以大大减少致命伤害的数量，但是，许多Al儿童在旅行时仍然完全不受约束或约束不当。在最近对美国西北部6个部落进行的一项车辆观察研究中，大多数8岁或8岁以下的Al儿童没有（41%）或不适当（30%）受到约束。虽然这些部落的成年司机通常不知道有关儿童车辆限制的法律，但他们愿意接受更多关于正确使用儿童安全座椅的信息和培训。2010年健康人群伤害预防目标之一是促进儿童安全座椅的广泛和一致使用。西北部的部落将预防伤害作为优先事项，特别是减少其成员中机动车碰撞的发病率和死亡率。这份申请是根据西北波特兰地区印第安人卫生委员会成员部落通过的一项决议编写和提交的。 使用基于社区的参与式研究模型，我们的团队合作伙伴从西北部落，西北波特兰地区印度健康委员会和哈博维尤伤害预防中心在华盛顿大学，建议计划，实施和评估儿童安全干预6西北部落社区。我们计划进行定性访谈和焦点小组，以确定适当限制使用的障碍，与部落合作设计和实施文化上适当的干预措施，并在五年内的三个时间点进行观察性车辆调查。我们建议使用交错干预设计，在三个部落的时间实施干预措施，并比较儿童乘客约束使用在所有六个部落之前和之后的每次干预。部落将参与研究过程的各个方面，包括基于结果的解释和未来规划。我们预计，精心设计，部落实施的计划将消除障碍，增加知识，并导致儿童安全座椅使用的持续增加。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for American Indian (Al) children, proper use of age-appropriate child restraint systems can substantially reduce the number of fatal injuries, however, many Al children still ride completely unrestrained or improperly restrained when traveling. In a recent vehicle observation study in 6 Northwestern US tribes, the majority of Al children age 8 or under rode un- (41%) or improperly (30%) restrained. While adult drivers in these tribes were commonly unaware of laws regarding vehicle restraints for children, they were receptive to receiving more information and training on proper use of child safety seats. One of the Healthy People 2010 injury prevention goals promotes the widespread and consistent use of child safety seats. Tribes in the Northwest have prioritized injury prevention, in particular, reducing morbidity and mortality from motor vehicles crashes among their membership. It is in response to a resolution passed by the member tribes of the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board that this application was prepared and submitted. Using a community based participatory research model, our team of partners from Northwest tribes, Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board and Harborview Injury Prevention Center at University of Washington, propose to plan, implement, and evaluate child safety interventions in 6 Northwestern tribal communities. We plan to conduct qualitative interviews and focus groups to determine barriers to appropriate restraint use, work with tribes to design and carry out culturally appropriate interventions, and conduct observational vehicle surveys at three time points over the five years. We propose to use a staggered intervention design, implementing interventions in three tribes at a time, and comparing child passenger restraint use in all six tribes before and after each intervention. Tribes will be involved in every facet of the research process, including interpretation and future planning based on results. We anticipate that well designed, tribe-implemented programs will eliminate barriers, increase knowledge, and result in a sustained increase in child safety seat use.