Child Safety Seat Intervention for Pacific Northwest Tribes

描述（由申请人提供）：机动车碰撞是美国印第安儿童死亡的主要原因，正确使用与年龄相适应的儿童约束系统可以大大减少致命伤害的数量，然而，许多印第安儿童在旅行时仍然完全不受约束或不适当地约束。在最近对美国西北部6个部落进行的一项车辆观察研究中，大多数8岁或8岁以下的儿童没有（41%）或不正确地（30%）使用安全带。虽然这些部落的成年司机通常不知道关于儿童车辆约束的法律，但他们愿意接受更多关于正确使用儿童安全座椅的信息和培训。2010年健康人预防伤害目标之一是促进广泛和持续使用儿童安全座椅。西北地区的部落优先考虑伤害预防，特别是减少其成员中机动车辆碰撞的发病率和死亡率。该申请是根据西北波特兰地区印第安人健康委员会成员部落通过的一项决议编写和提交的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for American Indian (Al) children, proper use of age-appropriate child restraint systems can substantially reduce the number of fatal injuries, however, many Al children still ride completely unrestrained or improperly restrained when traveling. In a recent vehicle observation study in 6 Northwestern US tribes, the majority of Al children age 8 or under rode un- (41%) or improperly (30%) restrained. While adult drivers in these tribes were commonly unaware of laws regarding vehicle restraints for children, they were receptive to receiving more information and training on proper use of child safety seats. One of the Healthy People 2010 injury prevention goals promotes the widespread and consistent use of child safety seats. Tribes in the Northwest have prioritized injury prevention, in particular, reducing morbidity and mortality from motor vehicles crashes among their membership. It is in response to a resolution passed by the member tribes of the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board that this application was prepared and submitted. Using a community based participatory research model, our team of partners from Northwest tribes, Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board and Harborview Injury Prevention Center at University of Washington, propose to plan, implement, and evaluate child safety interventions in 6 Northwestern tribal communities. We plan to conduct qualitative interviews and focus groups to determine barriers to appropriate restraint use, work with tribes to design and carry out culturally appropriate interventions, and conduct observational vehicle surveys at three time points over the five years. We propose to use a staggered intervention design, implementing interventions in three tribes at a time, and comparing child passenger restraint use in all six tribes before and after each intervention. Tribes will be involved in every facet of the research process, including interpretation and future planning based on results. We anticipate that well designed, tribe-implemented programs will eliminate barriers, increase knowledge, and result in a sustained increase in child safety seat use.