Neurolinguistic development in 4 to 8 year-old late talkers with language delay

语言迟缓的 4 至 8 岁说话晚者的神经语言发育

• 批准号: 10539603
• 负责人: James R Booth
• 金额: $ 67.6万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10539603
• 关键词: 4 year old; 6 year old; 8 year old; Age; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Code; Data; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dimensions; Dorsal; Early Intervention; Emotional; Experimental Designs; Formulation; Future; Individual Differences; Inferior; Intervention; Judgment; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Lead; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Modeling; Morphology; Neurocognitive; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Publishing; Research; Research Support; Rest; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Role; Sampling; Semantics; Speech; Standardization; Steam; Stream; Structure; Testing; Time; Vocabulary; Work; age difference; behavior measurement; cohort; elementary school; innovation; interest; multimodal neuroimaging; neural; neuroimaging; novel; open data; phonology; power analysis; predictive marker; predictive modeling; screening; semantic processing; skills; structural imaging; theories; tractography; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY Late talking is associated with negative academic and socio-emotional outcomes. Despite this, behavioral measures are relatively poor at predicting who will end up having developmental language disorder. Moreover, not much is known about either the typical neurocognitive changes associated with language development or the brain basis of delayed language during preschool, as there have been only three retrospective studies. This project uses well-controlled functional neuroimaging paradigms tapping into receptive language skills and structural imaging of white matter connectivity, as well as an extensive behavioral battery that measures well- established deficits in phonology, semantics and morphology. Four-year-olds, oversampled for late talking, are longitudinally followed when they are 6- and 8-years-old. The first aim determines the sensitivity of the dorsal and ventral pathways to phonological and semantic skills, respectively, motivated by the predictions of the Dual Stream Theory. The second and third aim determine the strength of the directional effects of these pathways on each other, and whether these effects differ depending on age. The fourth aim determines the effect of these pathways on the behavioral development of morphology. Our finding that phonological processing drives the development of semantic and morphological processing would be consistent with Phonological Theory, that semantic processing drives the acquisition of phonological and morphological processing would be consistent with Semantic Theory, or that there are interactive effects would be consistent with Bidirectional Theory. Using a state-of-the-art analytical approach justified by tailored power analyses, we expect to find evidence supporting a model in which early phonological processing drives semantic change and later semantic processing drives morphological change. Although we have theoretically motivated planned comparisons, exploratory analyses will also be conducted to support future work. The scientific rigor of the project is supported by our extensive published research examining phonological and semantic specialization of the brain in kindergarteners into elementary school. The feasibility of the project is supported by our encouraging pilot behavioral and neuroimaging data in 4-year-olds on the exact paradigms to be used in this project. Although we take a dimensional approach to test our model, as research shows that language ability is on a continuum, we also perform exploratory categorical analyses comparing late talkers to typical children. Research is inconclusive with regards to the role of screening of language delay to inform decisions of early intervention. We hope that a more basic mechanistic understanding of the dynamics of language development will allow for the formulation of predictive biomarkers to be used in screening for intervention. We are committed to open science, and plan to pre-register our work, and share our analytical code and data.

项目摘要 迟到与负面的学术和社会情感成果有关。尽管如此，行为 措施在预测谁最终患有发展语言障碍方面相对较差。而且， 关于与语言发展相关的典型神经认知变化或 学龄前期间语言延迟的大脑基础，因为只有三项回顾性研究。这 项目使用良好控制的功能性神经影像学范式利用接受语言技能和 白质连接性的结构成像，以及广泛的行为电池，可以很好地测量 在语音，语义和形态学方面已建立的缺陷。四岁的孩子被过采样了，以备连续采访，是 纵向遵循6岁和8岁的年龄。第一个目的决定背侧的灵敏度 分别由双重预测的动机，分别 流理论。第二和第三目的决定了这些途径对方向效应的强度 彼此，以及这些影响是否因年龄而有所不同。第四个目标决定了这些效果 关于形态行为发展的途径。我们的发现，语音处理推动了 语义和形态处理的发展将与语音理论一致， 语义处理驱动语音和形态学处理的获取将是一致的 使用语义理论，或者存在互动效应将与双向理论一致。使用 通过量身定制的功率分析是合理的最先进的分析方法，我们希望找到支持的证据 早期语音处理驱动语义变化和后来的语义处理驱动器的模型 形态学变化。尽管我们进行了理论上有动机的计划比较，但探索性分析 还将进行以支持未来的工作。该项目的科学严谨受到我们广泛的支持 发表的研究研究了幼儿园中大脑的语音和语义专业化 小学。该项目的可行性得到了我们鼓励的飞行员行为和 在该项目中使用的精确范式的4岁儿童中的神经影像学数据。虽然我们接受了 研究我们的模型的维度方法，因为研究表明语言能力是在连续的，我们也 进行探索性分类分析，将晚期讲话者与典型儿童进行比较。研究与 关于筛查语言延迟的作用，以告知早期干预的决定。我们希望更多 对语言发展动态的基本机械理解将允许制定 用于筛查干预措施的预测生物标志物。我们致力于开放科学，并计划 预先注册我们的工作，并分享我们的分析代码和数据。