Neurolinguistic development in 4 to 8 year-old late talkers with language delay

语言迟缓的 4 至 8 岁说话晚者的神经语言发育

• 批准号: 10539603
• 负责人: James R Booth
• 金额: $ 67.6万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10539603
• 关键词: 4 year old; 6 year old; 8 year old; Age; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Child; Code; Data; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dimensions; Dorsal; Early Intervention; Emotional; Experimental Designs; Formulation; Future; Individual Differences; Inferior; Intervention; Judgment; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Lead; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Modeling; Morphology; Neurocognitive; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Publishing; Research; Research Support; Rest; Retrospective Studies; Risk; Role; Sampling; Semantics; Speech; Standardization; Steam; Stream; Structure; Testing; Time; Vocabulary; Work; age difference; behavior measurement; cohort; elementary school; innovation; interest; multimodal neuroimaging; neural; neuroimaging; novel; open data; phonology; power analysis; predictive marker; predictive modeling; screening; semantic processing; skills; structural imaging; theories; tractography; white matter

PROJECT SUMMARY Late talking is associated with negative academic and socio-emotional outcomes. Despite this, behavioral measures are relatively poor at predicting who will end up having developmental language disorder. Moreover, not much is known about either the typical neurocognitive changes associated with language development or the brain basis of delayed language during preschool, as there have been only three retrospective studies. This project uses well-controlled functional neuroimaging paradigms tapping into receptive language skills and structural imaging of white matter connectivity, as well as an extensive behavioral battery that measures well- established deficits in phonology, semantics and morphology. Four-year-olds, oversampled for late talking, are longitudinally followed when they are 6- and 8-years-old. The first aim determines the sensitivity of the dorsal and ventral pathways to phonological and semantic skills, respectively, motivated by the predictions of the Dual Stream Theory. The second and third aim determine the strength of the directional effects of these pathways on each other, and whether these effects differ depending on age. The fourth aim determines the effect of these pathways on the behavioral development of morphology. Our finding that phonological processing drives the development of semantic and morphological processing would be consistent with Phonological Theory, that semantic processing drives the acquisition of phonological and morphological processing would be consistent with Semantic Theory, or that there are interactive effects would be consistent with Bidirectional Theory. Using a state-of-the-art analytical approach justified by tailored power analyses, we expect to find evidence supporting a model in which early phonological processing drives semantic change and later semantic processing drives morphological change. Although we have theoretically motivated planned comparisons, exploratory analyses will also be conducted to support future work. The scientific rigor of the project is supported by our extensive published research examining phonological and semantic specialization of the brain in kindergarteners into elementary school. The feasibility of the project is supported by our encouraging pilot behavioral and neuroimaging data in 4-year-olds on the exact paradigms to be used in this project. Although we take a dimensional approach to test our model, as research shows that language ability is on a continuum, we also perform exploratory categorical analyses comparing late talkers to typical children. Research is inconclusive with regards to the role of screening of language delay to inform decisions of early intervention. We hope that a more basic mechanistic understanding of the dynamics of language development will allow for the formulation of predictive biomarkers to be used in screening for intervention. We are committed to open science, and plan to pre-register our work, and share our analytical code and data.

项目总结 晚说话与负面的学术和社会情感结果有关。尽管如此，行为 在预测谁将最终患上发育性语言障碍方面，衡量标准相对较差。此外， 关于与语言发展相关的典型神经认知变化或 学龄前语言迟缓的大脑基础，因为只有三项回溯性研究。这 Project使用受控良好的功能神经成像范例，利用接受性语言技能和 白质连通性的结构成像，以及测量良好的广泛行为电池- 在语音、语义和词法方面都存在缺陷。四岁的孩子因为说话太晚而被过度抽样， 他们在6岁和8岁时进行了纵向跟踪。第一个目的决定背部的敏感度 语音技能和语义技能的腹侧通路，分别受DUAL预测的激发 溪流理论。第二个和第三个目标决定了这些通路对 以及这些影响是否因年龄不同而不同。第四个目标决定了这些目标的效果 形态的行为发育途径。我们的发现是语音处理驱动了 语义和形态加工的发展将与语音理论相一致，即 语义加工驱动语音和形态加工的习得将是一致的 无论是与语义理论，还是存在交互作用，都会与双向理论相一致。vbl.使用 一种最先进的分析方法，通过量身定做的权力分析来证明是合理的，我们希望找到证据支持 一种模型，在该模型中，早期的语音处理驱动语义变化，而后期的语义处理驱动 形态变化。尽管理论上我们有计划的比较，探索性的分析 还将开展工作，以支持今后的工作。该项目的科学严谨性得到了我们广泛的 已发表的一项研究考察了幼儿园儿童大脑的语音和语义专门化 上小学了。该项目的可行性得到了我们鼓励的试点行为和 4岁儿童的神经成像数据，关于在这个项目中使用的确切范例。尽管我们拿到了一个 维度方法来测试我们的模型，因为研究表明语言能力是连续的，我们还 进行探索性分类分析，将晚说话的人与典型的儿童进行比较。研究还没有定论 关于筛选语言延迟为早期干预决策提供信息的作用。我们希望有一个更多的 对语言发展动态的基本机械论理解将使我们能够 用于干预筛查的预测性生物标志物。我们致力于开放科学，并计划 预先注册我们的工作，并分享我们的分析代码和数据。