Working Lives, Physiological Dysregulation and International Health Differences

工作生活、生理失调和国际健康差异

• 批准号: 8165984
• 负责人: Pierre-Carl Michaud
• 金额: $ 33.38万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8165984
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Behavior; Biological Markers; Biological Models; Birth; Buffers; Capital; Country; Data; Data Reporting; Data Set; Development; Economic Models; Economic Policy; Economics; Education; England; Europe; European; Event; Health; Health Insurance; Institution; International; Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted; Lead; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Link; Literature; Longevity; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Occupations; Outcome; Physiological; Policies; Process; Records; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research Design; Retirement; Security; Shock; Social Policies; Stress; Stressful Event; Testing; Time; Unemployment; Variant; Work; Youth; base; critical period; economic outcome; experience; falls; health economics; life history; programs; resilience; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The U.S. appears to have worse health than people in a number of European countries. Because health reflects an accumulation of processes over a lifetime, we will study how stressful events during the working years may affect pre-retirement health and ultimately longevity. The broad aims of this application are to find whether in panel data the health gap between the U.S. and Europe increases during the working years, but not during the post-retirement years, and to explain these broad facts by differences in the stress induced in the labor market and by differences in the ameliorating effects of economic and social policy (including health insurance). Our analysis will use data on 15 countries, which provides a wealth of variation in institutions in time as well as in space. The principal outcomes will be fourfold. First, this study will clarify at what point in the life-cycle health differences emerge and chart their path thereafter. Second, this study will propose a formal economic and biological model linking indicators of physiological functioning to other health and economic outcomes clarifying some of the concepts measured in the literature and guide empirical work on the topic. Third, this study will provide micro as well as cross-country empirical evidence on the relationship between economic stressful events and physiological dysregulation using biomarkers but also reported health measures. Fourth, because of its cross-country design, this study will exploit differences in social policy across countries and over time to see estimate how these policies contribute to the international differences in health through the effect of physiological dysregulation on health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The U.S. has fallen behind in terms of life expectancy in the pre-retirement years and large differences in health have emerged between the U.S. and Europe. This project aims to test the hypothesis that differences in physiological dysregulation due to a more stressful working life in the U.S. are responsible for those differences. This project will use a large array of longitudinal datasets in 15 countries to link health outcomes in the pre-retirement years to life histories and exploit differences in social policy across countries.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国人的健康状况似乎比一些欧洲国家的人更差。由于健康反映了一生中过程的积累，我们将研究工作期间的压力事件如何影响退休前的健康并最终影响寿命。本申请的主要目的是发现在面板数据中，美国和欧洲之间的健康差距是否在工作期间增加，而不是在退休后的岁月里，并通过劳动力市场引起的压力的差异和经济和社会政策（包括健康保险）改善效果的差异来解释这些广泛的事实。我们的分析将使用15个国家的数据，这些数据在时间和空间上提供了丰富的制度变化。主要成果将有四个方面。首先，这项研究将澄清在生命周期的健康差异出现的点，并绘制其路径之后。其次，本研究将提出一个正式的经济和生物模型，将生理功能指标与其他健康和经济结果联系起来，澄清文献中测量的一些概念，并指导有关该主题的实证工作。第三，本研究将提供微观以及跨国经验证据之间的关系，经济压力事件和生理失调，使用生物标志物，但也报告的健康措施。第四，由于其跨国家的设计，这项研究将利用不同国家和不同时期的社会政策的差异，以估计这些政策如何通过生理失调对健康的影响，促进健康的国际差异。 公共卫生关系：美国在退休前的预期寿命方面已经落后，美国和欧洲之间的健康状况出现了巨大差异。该项目旨在验证一个假设，即在美国，由于工作压力更大而导致的生理失调差异是造成这些差异的原因。该项目将使用15个国家的大量纵向数据集，将退休前几年的健康结果与生活史联系起来，并利用各国社会政策的差异。