Role of Norms, Beliefs, and Practices in Effective Prevention with Heterosexual P

规范、信仰和实践在有效预防异性恋 P 中的作用

• 批准号: 8115870
• 负责人: BLANCA ORTIZ-TORRES
• 金额: $ 21.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO RIO PIEDRAS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-22 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8115870
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Alcohol consumption; Area; Attention; Behavior; Belief; Characteristics; Communities; Country; Data; Diffuse; Diffusion; Epidemic; Frequencies; Gender; Gender Role; HIV; HIV/STD; Heterosexuals; Home environment; Individual; Influentials; Intervention; Latino; Literature; Low income; Measures; Modality; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Pilot Projects; Population Heterogeneity; Prevention; Preventive; Preventive Intervention; Procedures; Psychometrics; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Randomized; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; Sexuality; Social Environment; Testing; Translating; United States; Woman; Work; base; high risk behavior; high risk sexual behavior; innovation; meetings; men; metropolitan; protective behavior; public health relevance; randomized trial; safer sex; sex; sex risk; social; success; theories; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The HIV/AIDS literature has addressed the impact of normative beliefs on sexual risk behaviors, although more theoretical than empirical work has been conducted in this realm. The beliefs of both men and women about the superiority of men and the importance of men's virility and sexual prowess are thought to be associated with a higher frequency of risky behaviors (Amaro, 2000; Gsmez, 1996; Gupta, 2002). This is a revised application of a proposed study that will adapt, develop and pilot an intervention to promote transformation of normative beliefs and safer sex practices among Puerto Rican men who have sex mostly with women, using the Popular Opinion Leaders (POL) model which has been tested and proven effective in other countries and with diverse populations in the U.S. (Kelly et al., 1997; 2007). Specifically, we will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of two intervention modalities: a revised and adapted version of the standard POL intervention emphasizing HIV risk behavior per se; and an enhanced POL intervention, which emphasizes gender-related prevention messages (POL+G). The specific aims of the proposed study are to: 1. Translate and adapt the standard POL intervention to target men who have sex mostly with women in Puerto Rico. 2. Develop and pilot an enhanced "POL+G" intervention in which POLs deliver both messages on safer sex and gender roles. 3. Conduct a pilot study to adapt and refine measures to assess variables in the prevention models (based on gender theory and social diffusion theory); 4. Test the feasibility of evaluating the efficacy of POL versus POL-G with HIV risk reduction in Puerto Rican men who have sex mostly with women. The proposed study will yield: 1) a revised an adapted version of the standard POL intervention; 2) a fully developed POL+G intervention; 3) data informing the feasibility and acceptability of the enhanced POL intervention; 4) refined recruitment, sampling and randomization procedures; and 5) data regarding the psychometric characteristics of the proposed measures. Data from these outcomes will prepare the research team to conduct a larger randomized trial to compare and evaluate the efficacy of both intervention modalities in reducing sexual risky behavior among Puerto Rican men who have sex mostly with women. The proposed research is innovative because it goes beyond the POL model, as it will not only target the transformation of norms and beliefs regarding safer sex, but it will develop and test the feasibility of an intervention that intends to transform social norms and normative beliefs regarding masculinity and gender imbalance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The situation regarding the HIV-AIDS epidemic in Puerto Rico needs urgent attention, particularly preventive studies specifically tailored for Latino heterosexual men. By addressing norms and normative beliefs regarding gender and sexuality we expect to incorporate crucial cultural, contextual and community (as well as individual) factors that impinge upon heterosexual men's sexual practices. The study will assess the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention that eventually could evolve into an innovative model for HIV/AIDS preventive interventions for Latino men in the United States.

描述(由申请人提供)：艾滋病毒/艾滋病文献讨论了规范性信仰对性危险行为的影响，尽管在这一领域进行的理论工作多于经验工作。男性和女性对男性优越性以及男性阳刚之气和性能力的重要性的信念被认为与更高频率的危险行为有关(Amaro，2000；Gsmez，1996；Gupta，2002)。这是一项拟议研究的修订应用，该研究将调整、制定和试点一项干预措施，以促进波多黎各男性中主要与女性发生性行为的规范信念的转变和更安全的性行为做法，使用民意领袖(POL)模式，该模式已在其他国家和美国的不同人群中得到测试和证明有效(Kelly等人，1997；2007)。具体来说，我们将评估两种干预模式的可行性和可接受性：一种是强调艾滋病毒危险行为本身的标准POL干预的修订版和改编版本；另一种是强化POL干预，强调与性别相关的预防信息(POL+G)。这项拟议研究的具体目的是：1.翻译和调整标准POL干预措施，以针对波多黎各主要与女性发生性行为的男性。2.制定并试行强化的“POL+G”干预，使POL同时传递关于安全性行为和性别角色的信息。3.开展试点研究，以调整和改进措施，以评估预防模式中的变量(基于性别理论和社会扩散理论)；4.测试评估POL与POL-G在波多黎各男性人群中降低艾滋病毒风险的有效性，这些男性主要与女性发生性关系。拟议的研究将产生：1)标准POL干预的修订版；2)全面发展的POL+G干预；3)告知增强POL干预的可行性和可接受性的数据；4)改进的招募、抽样和随机程序；以及5)关于拟议措施的心理测量特征的数据。来自这些结果的数据将为研究团队进行更大规模的随机试验做准备，以比较和评估这两种干预方式在减少波多黎各男性(主要与女性发生性行为)方面的有效性。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它超越了POL模式，因为它不仅针对关于安全性行为的规范和信念的转变，而且将开发和测试旨在改变关于男子气概和性别失衡的社会规范和规范信念的干预措施的可行性。 与公共卫生有关：波多黎各的艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情需要紧急关注，特别是专门为拉美裔异性恋男子量身定做的预防性研究。通过解决有关性别和性行为的规范和规范信念，我们期望纳入影响异性恋男性性行为的关键文化、背景和社区(以及个人)因素。这项研究将评估一项干预措施的可行性和可接受性，该干预措施最终可能演变为美国拉丁裔男子艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防干预的创新模式。