Prototype Development of MEMS Sensor Based Total Hip Navigation System

描述(由申请人提供)：我们建议开发一种用户(外科医生)友好、省时且经济实惠的系统，用于基于加速计和陀螺仪惯性测量单元(IMU)的新范例，使用新的专利和正在申请专利的技术，在术中准确和可重复地定位特定于患者的THA组件。该产品的成功开发将显着提高全髋关节手术的精确度，从而大大减少翻修手术的次数和总成本。建议的产品将包括以下内容：“IMU跟踪：精确、坚固、低成本的微型MEMS陀螺仪和加速计阵列将与数字信号处理和无线收发器相结合。这些IMU将被放置在手术台上，患者的骨盆，并连接或嵌入手术工具。无影像的患者专用运动学只读存储器模型：将对患者的髋关节运动学进行详细的建模，以确定最佳的植入物特定髋臼杯方向和股骨植入物对齐，以避免错位和撞击。“后处理和图形用户界面(GUI)：IMU传感器信号的融合将使用新的算法和过程来提取3D旋转和平移，并将它们实时显示在骨盆的3D模型和计算机屏幕上的器械上，供外科医生使用。ROM模型也将在该系统中可视化，以帮助外科医生在部件定位过程中参考ROM。这项研究的目标是制造一种导航系统，该系统使用骨盆上的IMU跟踪系统、手术工具(髋臼铰刀/尺寸/撞击器)和一个接收和处理来自所有来源的数据的手术台单元。 公共卫生相关性：由于植入不准确，全髋关节置换术(THA)的翻修手术太频繁了。该项目将设计、开发和测试一种新的植入THA组件的方法，使用安装在标准植入设备上或植入其中的优化的MEMS传感器设备，并进行试验以提高准确性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose the development of a user (surgeon) friendly time efficient and cost effective system for accurate and repeatable intraoperative patient-specific THA component positioning based on a new paradigm of accelerometer and gyroscope inertial measurement units (IMUs) using newly patented and patent pending technologies. The successful development of this product will significantly increase the accuracy of THA surgery thereby drastically reducing the number of revision THAs and the overall cost. The proposed product will consist of the following: " IMU tracking: accurate, robust, low cost arrays of miniature MEMS gyroscopes and accelerometers will be coupled with digital signal processing and a wireless transceiver. These IMU's will be placed on the surgical table, the patient's pelvis and attached or embedded in surgical tools. "Imageless patient-specific kinematic ROM model: detailed modeling of the patient hip kinematics will be performed to determine the optimal implant specific acetabular cup orientation and femoral implant alignment to avoid malposition and impingement." Post Processing and graphical user interface (GUI): fusing of IMU sensor signals will be performed using new algorithms and processes to distill 3D rotations and translations and display them on 3D models of the pelvis and instrumentation on a computer screen in real- time for the surgeon. ROM models will also be visualized in this system to help the surgeon with ROM reference during component positioning. The goal of this research is to produce a navigation system using an IMU tracking system on the pelvis, the surgical tools (acetabular reamer/size/impactor), and a surgical table unit that receives and processes data from all sources. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) revision surgery is too often required due to implantation inaccuracy. This project will design, develop and test a new method of implanting THA components using optimized MEMS sensor devices affixed to or implanted in standard implantation instruments and trials to increase accuracy.