Novel antifungals for Immunocompromised/HIV patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：真菌感染仍然是HIV感染患者发病和死亡的主要原因。目前，只有三类抗真菌药物适用于治疗艾滋病相关的真菌感染，但这些药物受到耐药性，药理学限制和负面药物相互作用的阻碍。此外，真菌病原体流行病学的变化使挑战继续复杂化。寻找具有广泛抗真菌活性的新支架势在必行。 抗真菌化合物已从天然产物中发现。例如，葡聚糖合成抑制剂（包括pnemoncandins，其他棘白菌素）已在多种真菌中发现。这些化合物来自在无菌条件下培养的土壤样品的发酵液。由于复杂的环境条件对于大多数微生物次级代谢产物的合成是至关重要的，因此筛选在无菌实验室条件下产生的化合物常常导致重新发现在这些条件下容易产生的已知化合物。LifePharms，Inc.已经建立了一个收集野外收集的，环境挑战的子实体，目前包括超过26,000个样品的担子菌和子囊菌（那些有子实体），包括几乎每一个物种发现在美国大陆。LifePharms从担子菌和子囊菌的子实体中提取的提取物库因其独特性和化学多样性而无与伦比。 我们与德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥健康科学中心（UTHSCSA）的抗真菌药敏试验实验室和传染病部门合作，针对氟康唑敏感株（ATCC 90028）和耐药念珠菌株（ATCC 90030、96901、6852）以及烟曲霉和新型隐球菌筛选LifePharms的天然产物库。LifePharms中的活性化合物通过单一HPLC步骤分离，并筛选抗真菌活性和哺乳动物毒性。对至少两种耐药真菌菌株具有活性且无哺乳动物毒性的半纯化合物将通过高速逆流色谱和HPLC纯化。将通过NMR和LC/MS/MS方法对化合物进行去复制和化学表征。将针对广泛的临床分离株确定MIC，并将包括作为人体全身感染重要原因的菌种，包括免疫活性和免疫功能低下的宿主，包括肺孢子虫。将选择具有独特体外抗真菌特性的结构新颖化合物用于ADMET和II期体内评价。 公共卫生相关性：真菌感染仍然是艾滋病毒感染者发病和死亡的主要原因。抗真菌化合物已从天然产物中发现。我们与圣安东尼奥的德克萨斯大学健康科学中心的抗真菌药敏试验实验室和传染病部门合作，对LifePharms的天然产物库进行了氟康唑敏感和耐药念珠菌菌株、烟曲霉和新型隐球菌的筛选。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fungal infections continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV- infected patients. At present, there are only three classes of antifungal agents that are suitable for the treatment of AIDS-related fungal infections, but these medications are hampered by drug resistance, pharmacological limitations, and negative drug interactions. Also, the challenge continues to complicate by a changing epidemiology of fungal pathogen. The search for new scaffolds with broad antifungal activity is imperative. Antifungal compounds have been discovered from natural products. For examples, glucan synthesis inhibitors (including pnemoncandins, other echinocandins) have been found in a diverse range of fungi. These compounds have come from fermentation broths of soil samples cultured in sterile conditions. Since complicated environmental conditions are critical for the synthesis of most microbial secondary metabolites screening compounds produced under sterile laboratory conditions frequently results in the rediscovery of known compounds that are readily produced under those conditions. LifePharms, Inc. has established a collection of field- collected, environmentally challenged fruiting bodies that consists currently of greater than 26,000 samples of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes (those that have a fruiting body) and includes nearly every species found in the continental United States. LifePharms' bank of extracts from fruiting bodies of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes is unmatched for its uniqueness and for its chemical diversity. In collaboration with the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Laboratory and Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA), we are screening LifePharms' natural product library against both fluconazole sensitive (ATCC 90028) and resistant Candida strains ATCC 90030, 96901, 6852) and Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans. The active compounds in LifePharms' are separated by a single HPLC step and screened for antifungal activity and mammalian toxicity. Those semipure compounds with activity against at least two drug resistant fungal strains with no mammalian toxicity will be purified by high speed counter current chromatography and HPLC. Compounds will be dereplicated and chemically characterized by NMR and LC/MS/MS methods. The MICs will be determined against a broad range of clinical isolates and will include species that are important causes of systemic infections in humans, including immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, including Pneumocystis. Structurally novel compounds with a unique in vitro antifungal profile will be selected for ADMET and in vivo evaluation in Phase II. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Fungal infections continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients. Antifungal compounds have been discovered from natural products. In collaboration with the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Laboratory and Division of Infectious Diseases at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, we are screening LifePharms' natural product library against both fluconazole sensitive and resistant Candida strains, and Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans.