The Effect of Anticipation on Episodic Memory: Motivation and Attention

预期对情景记忆的影响：动机和注意力

• 批准号: 8130463
• 负责人: Sasha Monica Wolosin
• 金额: $ 3.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-22 至 2014-08-21
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8130463
• 关键词: Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Animal Experimentation; Attention; Behavior; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Brain region; Cues; Disease; Dopamine; Episodic memory; Event; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Image; Impairment; Incentives; Individual Differences; Lead; Learning; Light; Medial; Mediating; Memory; Memory impairment; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Midbrain structure; Motivation; Parahippocampal Gyrus; Parietal Lobe; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resolution; Resources; Rewards; Schizophrenia; Stimulus; Structure; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Work; base; dentate gyrus; directed attention; high standard; insight; memory encoding; memory recognition; nervous system disorder; normal aging; novel; relating to nervous system; research study; stimulus processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Anticipatory goal-directed processes, such as attention and motivation, have a significant impact on learning and memory, yet much is still unknown about how such processes exert their influence in the human brain. Episodic memory-memory for specific events-critically relies on the integrity of the structures of the medial temporal lobe (MTL), including the hippocampus (CA fields, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) and parahippocampal gyrus (entorhinal, perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices). The MTL receives direct projections from brain regions involved in attention and reward-based motivation, including posterior parietal cortex (PPC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and midbrain. Activation of these motivational and attentional networks prior to stimulus presentation may influence memory formation by facilitating stimulus processing within the MTL. The research presented in this proposal will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine how goal-directed processes initiated prior to stimulus presentation recruit attentional and motivational brain networks and influence memory formation in the MTL. Experiment 1 will use high-resolution fMRI to test the hypothesis that reward-based motivation differentially affects MTL subregional function through interactions with midbrain structures. We will examine whether motivational incentives that elicit activation from dopaminergic midbrain prior to stimulus presentation enhance memory encoding within MTL subregions. Experiment 2 will test the hypothesis that attentional cues can bias MTL processing and facilitate memory formation. We will examine if anticipatory cues that indicate task-relevant goals elicit activation from PPC, PFC, and task-relevant MTL subregions prior to stimulus presentation, and whether this results in enhanced episodic encoding. Experiment 3 will examine the effects of reward-based motivation on associative memory formation under conditions of full and divided attention to test the hypothesis that motivation drives MTL-based memory formation through allocation of attentional resources. By increasing understanding of memory function within the MTL, this work has the ability to shed light on changes in MTL structure and function known to occur in normal aging and mental illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The proposed research examines how interactions between dopaminergic midbrain and MTL influence memory, which will provide insight into disorders that involve disruptions of the DA system, including Parkinson's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. This work may prove particularly informative for understanding the MTL dysfunction and impairments in memory and attention that occur in schizophrenia. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research examines how motivation and attention influence memory formation in the human brain. This work has the ability to increase understanding of changes in brain function known to occur in normal aging and mental illnesses, including Alzheimer's Disease, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

描述（由申请人提供）：预期目标导向的过程，如注意力和动机，对学习和记忆有显著影响，但关于这些过程如何在人脑中发挥其影响，仍有很多未知之处。情节记忆--对特定事件的记忆--严重依赖于内侧颞叶（MTL）结构的完整性，包括海马（CA场、齿状回和下托）和海马旁回（内嗅、嗅周和海马旁皮质）。MTL接收来自与注意力和基于奖励的动机有关的大脑区域的直接投射，包括后顶叶皮层（PPC），前额叶皮层（PFC）和中脑。在刺激呈现之前激活这些动机和注意力网络可以通过促进MTL内的刺激处理来影响记忆形成。这项研究将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究在刺激呈现之前启动的目标导向过程如何招募注意力和动机脑网络并影响MTL中的记忆形成。实验一将使用高分辨率的功能磁共振成像来验证这一假设，即奖励动机通过与中脑结构的相互作用而不同地影响MTL次区域功能。我们将研究是否动机的刺激，引起激活多巴胺能中脑前刺激介绍增强记忆编码内MTL亚区。实验二将检验注意线索对MTL加工的影响，并验证注意线索对记忆形成的影响。我们将研究是否预期线索，表明任务相关的目标引起激活PPC，PFC和任务相关的MTL子区域之前，刺激介绍，以及这是否会导致增强的情节编码。实验三考察了完全注意和分散注意条件下奖励动机对联想记忆形成的影响，以验证动机通过分配注意资源来驱动MTL记忆形成的假设。通过增加对MTL内记忆功能的理解，这项工作有能力揭示MTL结构和功能的变化，这些变化已知发生在正常衰老和精神疾病中，包括阿尔茨海默病，抑郁症，双相情感障碍和精神分裂症。这项拟议的研究探讨了多巴胺能中脑和MTL之间的相互作用如何影响记忆，这将为涉及DA系统中断的疾病提供深入了解，包括帕金森病，抑郁症，双相情感障碍和精神分裂症。这项工作可能会证明特别翔实的理解MTL功能障碍和损伤的记忆和注意力发生在精神分裂症。 公共卫生相关性：拟议中的研究探讨了动机和注意力如何影响人类大脑中的记忆形成。这项工作有能力增加对正常衰老和精神疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症、双相情感障碍和精神分裂症）中已知发生的大脑功能变化的了解。