PROGRAM LEADERS---CANCER PREVENTION

项目负责人---癌症预防

• 批准号: 8180943
• 负责人: Hashem B El-Serag
• 金额: $ 1.78万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-17 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8180943
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Barrett Esophagus; Breast Cancer Prevention; Cancer Center; Characteristics; Chemoprevention; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Medicine; Collaborations; Development; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiologist; Etiology; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic screening method; Goals; Hospitals; Human; Incidence; Inherited; Intervention; Journals; Lesion; Liver Cirrhosis; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of liver; Manuscripts; Medical center; Medicine; Molecular; Neurosciences; Nicotine Dependence; Nicotinic Receptors; Obesity; Outcome; Pediatric Hospitals; Pediatric Surgical Procedures; Peer Review; Physical activity; Population Sciences; Predisposition; Premalignant; Prevention; Psychiatry; Publishing; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Smoke; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Syndrome; Testing; Texas; Underserved Population; Urology; biobehavior; cancer epidemiology; cancer prevention; college; combat; design; diet and exercise; gene environment interaction; health disparity; improved; innovation; member; multidisciplinary; novel; obesity in children; prevent; prevention clinical trial; programs; trend; tumor

The goal of the Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences (CPPS) Program is to reduce the incidence and impact of cancer by conducting innovative multidisciplinary cancer prevention and population sciences research. The CPPS Program has 31 research members from a multiple Departments at Baylor, including Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery, Urology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience. These include 5 new members whose recruitment to Baylor was facilitated by the Cancer Center; in addition, 6 Baylor investigators in the biobehavioral aspects of nicotine dependence have joined CPPS. The program had $4,561,452 support from the NCI last year and overall received $10,035,029 in peer reviewed funding. Members of the program published over 300 cancer related manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals of which 29% were intraprogrammatic collaborations and 12% interprogrammatic. Our program is conceptually organized into two broad thematic areas: (1) Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics: CPPS Investigators conduct studies to examine the etiology of childhood and adulthood cancers, and to study the contribution of gene and gene environment interactions to their etiology; and to identify the clinical and molecular characteristics of syndromes that result in hereditary predisposition to cancers. Other CPPS investigators evaluate the cancer outcomes especially to address health disparities and inequities in access, treatment, and survival. Major accomplishments include analyses of secular trends and risk factors for several digestive and liver cancers, identification of genetic polymorphisms that are associated with risk of childhood and adult tumors as well as for premalignant lesions such as Barrett's esophagus and liver cirrhosis, (2) Biobehavioral Research and Cancer Prevention: This theme is focused on Childhood Obesity and Physical Activity, in which investigators study the determinants of obesity and physical activity in children and adolescents, and evaluate culturally appropriate interventions; Nicotine Dependence in which investigators examine the genetics of addictive behavior, in both animal models and human studies, and to evaluate novel interventions for smoking cessation; and Chemoprevention research to test novel prevention agents in animals and in human trials. Major accomplishments in this theme include the development of interventional programs to improve childhood diet and exercise to combat childhood obesity, the role of genetics in nicotine dependence through study of nicotinic receptors, and the conduct of breast cancer prevention clinical trials.

癌症预防和人口科学(CPPS)计划的目标是通过开展创新的多学科癌症预防和人口科学研究来减少癌症的发病率和影响。CPPS项目有31名研究成员，来自贝勒的多个部门，包括内科、儿科、外科、泌尿外科、精神病学和神经科学。其中包括5名新成员，他们在癌症中心的协助下被招募到贝勒；此外，6名研究尼古丁依赖生物行为方面的贝勒调查人员已加入CPPS。该项目去年从NCI获得了4561,452美元的支持，总体上获得了10035,029美元的同行评议资金。该计划的成员在同行评议的期刊上发表了300多篇与癌症有关的手稿，其中29%是计划内合作，12%是计划间合作。我们的计划从概念上分为两个广泛的主题领域：(1)癌症流行病学和遗传学：CPPS研究人员进行研究，以检查儿童和成人癌症的病因，并研究基因和基因的贡献 环境与其病因学的相互作用；以及确定导致癌症遗传易感性的综合征的临床和分子特征。CPPS的其他研究人员评估癌症结果，特别是为了解决在获得、治疗和生存方面的健康差距和不平等问题。主要成就包括分析几种消化癌和肝癌的长期趋势和风险因素，确定与儿童和成人肿瘤以及巴雷特食道和肝硬变等癌前病变风险相关的基因多态，(2)生物行为研究和 癌症预防：这一主题集中在儿童肥胖和体育活动上，研究人员研究儿童和青少年肥胖和体育活动的决定因素，并评估文化上适当的干预措施；尼古丁依赖，研究人员在动物模型和人类研究中检查成瘾行为的遗传学，并评估新的 戒烟干预措施；以及在动物和人体试验中测试新型预防药物的化学预防研究。这一主题的主要成就包括开发干预计划以改善儿童饮食和锻炼以对抗儿童肥胖症，通过研究尼古丁受体研究遗传学在尼古丁依赖中的作用，以及进行乳腺癌预防临床试验。