Cancer Prevention

癌症预防和控制计划(CPCP)是一项多学科的努力，旨在减少总体和 不同年龄段男性和女性的特定癌症发病率、死亡率和发病率 开展以社区为基础的干预研究。主要研究领域有：1)初级 预防：确定并实施有效的生活方式(如饮食、锻炼、控制体重、吸烟 戒烟)、医疗(如化学预防、疫苗)和旨在预防的社区干预 通过传播和采取预防策略发展癌症；2)次级 预防；改进早期检测方案的使用，及早确定和实施最佳方案 诊断技术；3)三级预防：确定和实施有效的生活方式、医疗 以及旨在改善艾滋病患者健康和生活质量的社区干预措施 或死于癌症，以及提高癌症治疗的依从性和有效性以及癌症的质量 护理和管理(如癌症患者的情感支持、生存和生活质量、他们的 家庭和照顾者)。贯穿这三个领域的重点是了解和减少 癌症在特定人群中的负担不均。未来五年的计划包括：1)裁剪 针对特定类型高危人群的当前生活方式干预和评估研究 癌症；2)扩大社区健康和健康差距研究；3)加强方案内 CPCP调查人员之间的合作，以制定一个连贯的研究议程；4) 确定翻译机会并建立强有力的方案间协作， 特别是癌症流行病学(计划09)和免疫学(计划07)的研究人员， 后者可能影响癌症相关应激的心理生理学或受其影响，并且与 共享资源；5)加强预防癌症的卫生政策研究议程；6) 加强和探索与其他机构的癌症研究人员目前和新的合作。

The Cancer Prevention and Control Program (CPCP) is a multidisciplinary effort to reduce overall and specific cancer incidence, mortality and morbidity in men and women across the age spectrum by conducting community-based interventional research. The major research areas are; 1) primary prevention: identifying and implementing effective lifestyle (eg diet, exercise, weight control, smoking cessation), medical (eg chemoprevention, vaccines), and community interventions designed to prevent cancer development through dissemination and adoption of preventive strategies; 2) secondary prevention; improving use of early detection programs and identifying and implementing optimal early diagnostic techniques; 3) tertiary prevention: identifying and implementing effective lifestyle, medical and community interventions designed to improve the health and quality of life of persons living with or dying of cancer, and improving adherence to and effectiveness of treatments and quality of cancer care and management (eg emotional support, survivorship and quality of life of cancer patients, their families and caregivers). Cross-cutting these three areas is a focus on understanding and reducing the unequal burden of cancer in specific population groups. Plans for the next five years include: 1) tailoring current lifestyle interventions and assessment research to populations at greatest risk for specific types of cancer; 2) expanding community health and health disparity research; 3) enhancing intraprogrammatic collaborations among CPCP investigators to develop a cohesive research agenda; 4) identifying translational opportunities and building strong inter-programmatic collaborations, particularly with investigators in Cancer Epidemiology (Program 09) and Immunology (Program 07), the latter of which may affect or be affected by the psychophysiology of cancer-related stress, and with the Shared Resources; 5) strengthening the health policy research agenda for cancer prevention; and 6) enhancing and exploring current and new collaborations with cancer researchers at other institutions.