SXRF IMAGING OF LIVE ARABIDOPSIS PLANTS TO CHARACTERIZE GENES INVOLVED IN METAL

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 我们想收集SXRF元素图像从拟南芥，特别是从野生型和转基因（转基因）突变体植物的活体样品，以表征涉及金属/类金属离子稳态的基因。我们的工作涉及微量元素Fe和污染物As。铁在土壤中是有限的，植物含有低水平的铁;在那些以植物为主的饮食中增加缺铁性贫血。工程植物在其可食用组织（即种子）中吸收和储存更大量的铁（生物强化）被认为是一种可行的解决方案。除了铁的天然含量低之外，广泛食用的主食大米也被发现受到砷的污染。水稻植株以砷酸的形式吸收大量的硅（Si）;其大小和电荷与亚砷酸相似，亚砷酸是淹水水稻土中As的一种普遍形式，残留在土壤中，来自以前的砷农药使用。砷在水稻中的转运受基因控制，通过基因调控可以减少砷在水稻胚乳中的积累。我们利用遗传和基因组技术来开发转基因植物，这些转基因植物要么缺乏一个或多个感兴趣的基因（敲除突变体），要么在每个细胞中表达感兴趣的基因（过表达突变体）。在组织或细胞水平上，我们需要非破坏性的空间分辨微米级金属/类金属分析，以了解基因的缺失或过度表达如何影响金属/类金属离子转运到不同的细胞层和细胞内的不同细胞器。需要快速访问，以允许立即出版的影响，基因VIT 1（液泡铁转运蛋白1）的分布铁。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. We would like to collect SXRF elemental images from living samples of Arabidopsis thaliana, specifically from wild type and transgenic (genetically modified) mutant plants, to characterize genes involved in metal/metalloid ion homeostasis. Our work involves the micronutrient Fe and the contaminant As. Iron is limiting in the soil, and plants contain low levels of Fe; increasing Fe deficiency anemia in those with predominantly plant-based diets. Engineering plants that take up and store greater amounts of Fe in their edible tissues (i.e. seed) (biofortification) is thought to be a viable solution. As well as being naturally low in Fe, the widely-consumed staple rice has been found to be contaminated with As. Rice plants take up large amounts of silicon (Si), in the form of silicic acid; similar in size and charge to arsenous acid, a prevalent form of As in flooded paddy soils, remaining in the soil from previous arsenical pesticide use. Translocation of As in to the plant, and in to the edible portion of the grain (endosperm) is under the control of genes, and manipulation of these genes can reduce As accumulation in the rice endosperm. We utilize genetic and genomic technique to develop transgenic plants that either lack a gene or genes of interest (knock-out mutants), or express the gene of interest in every cell (overexpressor mutants). On a tissue or cell level, we require non-destructive spatially resolved micron-scale metal/metalloid analysis to understand how deletion or over-expression of genes affects metal/metalloid ion transport in to different cell layers, and to different organelles within the cell. Rapid access is needed to allow immediate publication of the influence of the gene VIT1 (vacuolar iron transporter 1) on the distribution of Fe.