SXRF IMAGING OF LIVE ARABIDOPSIS PLANTS TO CHARACTERIZE GENES INVOLVED IN METAL

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 我们希望从拟南芥的活体样本中收集SXRF元素图像，特别是来自野生型和转基因(转基因)突变植物的SXRF元素图像，以表征参与金属/类金属离子动态平衡的基因。我们的工作涉及微量营养素铁和污染物砷。土壤中的铁是有限的，而植物中的铁含量很低；在那些以植物性饮食为主的人中，铁缺乏贫血的情况会增加。工程植物在其可食用组织(即种子)(生物强化)中吸收和储存更多的铁被认为是一个可行的解决方案。除了天然铁含量低之外，人们普遍食用的主食大米也被发现受到砷的污染。水稻植株吸收大量的硅(硅)，以硅酸的形式存在；在大小和电荷上与亚砷酸相似，亚砷酸是淹水水稻土中普遍存在的一种砷，由于以前使用砷农药而残留在土壤中。As在植株和籽粒(胚乳)可食部分的转运是受基因控制的，对这些基因的操纵可以减少As在水稻胚乳中的积累。我们利用遗传和基因组技术开发出缺乏一个或多个感兴趣基因的转基因植物(敲除突变体)，或在每个细胞中表达感兴趣的基因(过表达突变体)。在组织或细胞水平上，我们需要非破坏性的空间分辨率微米级的金属/类金属分析，以了解基因的缺失或过度表达如何影响金属/类金属离子在不同细胞层和细胞内不同细胞器的运输。需要快速访问以允许立即公布VIT1(液泡铁转运体1)基因对铁分布的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. We would like to collect SXRF elemental images from living samples of Arabidopsis thaliana, specifically from wild type and transgenic (genetically modified) mutant plants, to characterize genes involved in metal/metalloid ion homeostasis. Our work involves the micronutrient Fe and the contaminant As. Iron is limiting in the soil, and plants contain low levels of Fe; increasing Fe deficiency anemia in those with predominantly plant-based diets. Engineering plants that take up and store greater amounts of Fe in their edible tissues (i.e. seed) (biofortification) is thought to be a viable solution. As well as being naturally low in Fe, the widely-consumed staple rice has been found to be contaminated with As. Rice plants take up large amounts of silicon (Si), in the form of silicic acid; similar in size and charge to arsenous acid, a prevalent form of As in flooded paddy soils, remaining in the soil from previous arsenical pesticide use. Translocation of As in to the plant, and in to the edible portion of the grain (endosperm) is under the control of genes, and manipulation of these genes can reduce As accumulation in the rice endosperm. We utilize genetic and genomic technique to develop transgenic plants that either lack a gene or genes of interest (knock-out mutants), or express the gene of interest in every cell (overexpressor mutants). On a tissue or cell level, we require non-destructive spatially resolved micron-scale metal/metalloid analysis to understand how deletion or over-expression of genes affects metal/metalloid ion transport in to different cell layers, and to different organelles within the cell. Rapid access is needed to allow immediate publication of the influence of the gene VIT1 (vacuolar iron transporter 1) on the distribution of Fe.