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Do Parental Conflict and Genomic Imprinting Cause Hybrid Lethality in Mimulus?

亲代冲突和基因组印记是否会导致酸浆菌的混合致死率？

基本信息

批准号：
8127335
负责人：
Elen Oneal
金额：
$ 5.13万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-01 至 2012-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research will examine the extent to which conflict over energy and resources between parent and offspring drives species diversification in plants. Specifically it will investigate whether seed lethality, which is a common outcome of hybridization in plants, results from conflicting interactions between maternal and paternal alleles over the allocation of nutritional resources to the developing embryo. This work will focus on two species of monkeyflower, Mimulus nudatus and Mimulus guttatus, which are not found to hybridize in the wild and can only be crossed with difficulty in the greenhouse. The work will take advantage of the cross compatibility that each of these species has to a third Mimulus species to introduce genes from the genome of one species into the genome of the other and observe the effect. This research will employ cutting-edge genomic sequencing techniques and novel statistical analyses of genomic data to identify and physically map candidate genes onto chromosomes that cause seed lethality in crosses between related species. The proposed experiments will test, using gene insertion techniques, what causal role these genes play in dysfunctional seed development. Finally, this project will examine whether maternal and paternal copies of genes are expressed at different levels in seeds, and whether abnormal expression patterns correlate with seed lethality. The proposed work represents an important contribution to our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying the process of species divergence in general. Moreover, it will enable us to characterize the function and diversity of genes causing failed hybridization between plants. This research has relevance both for our understanding of the factors driving plant diversification and for attempts to create new crop varieties from existing lines that usually cannot hybridize. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Genomic imprinting in mammals and plants represents a spectacular case of convergent evolution due to the shared trait of a physical connection between the developing embryo and the mother, and similar protein groups with multiple parallel actions are involved in both groups. In humans, disruptions in the normal process of genomic imprinting during development have been linked to neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders, including obesity. This research will increase our understanding of the genomic imprinting mechanisms involved in embryonic development and potentially lead to better tools for diagnosing and treating human diseases that arise from imprinting malfunction.

描述(申请人提供)：拟议的研究将考察父母和后代之间在能源和资源方面的冲突在多大程度上推动植物物种多样化。具体地说，它将调查种子致死，这是植物杂交的常见结果，是否源于母本和父本在向发育中的胚胎分配营养资源方面存在冲突的等位基因之间的相互作用。这项工作将集中在两个品种的猴花，裸露含羞草和含羞草，这两个物种在野外没有发现杂交，只有在温室里才能很难杂交。这项工作将利用这些物种中的每一个与第三个Mimulus物种的交叉亲和性，将一个物种的基因组中的基因引入另一个物种的基因组，并观察其效果。这项研究将使用尖端的基因组测序技术和对基因组数据的新的统计分析来识别候选基因并将其物理地定位到染色体上，这些候选基因会导致近缘物种之间杂交的种子致死。拟议中的实验将使用基因插入技术来测试这些基因在功能失调的种子发育中所起的因果作用。最后，这个项目将检查基因的母本和父本是否在种子中以不同的水平表达，以及异常表达模式是否与种子致死性相关。这项拟议的工作对我们理解物种分化过程中的遗传机制做出了重要贡献。此外，它还将使我们能够确定导致植物间杂交失败的基因的功能和多样性。这项研究对于我们理解推动植物多样化的因素，以及试图从通常不能杂交的现有品系创造新的作物品种都具有重要意义。与公共卫生相关：哺乳动物和植物的基因组印记代表了一个壮观的趋同进化案例，这是由于发育中的胚胎和母亲之间的物理联系的共同特征，而且两组都涉及具有多个平行作用的相似蛋白质组。在人类中，发育过程中正常的基因组印记过程的中断与神经疾病、心血管疾病和包括肥胖在内的代谢障碍有关。这项研究将增加我们对涉及胚胎发育的基因组印记机制的理解，并可能导致更好的工具来诊断和治疗由印记故障引起的人类疾病。