Systematics of medically important Dermacentor tick vectors

医学上重要的 Dermacentor 蜱载体的系统学

• 批准号: 8179788
• 负责人: Dmitry A Apanaskevich
• 金额: $ 32.75万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-08 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8179788
• 关键词: Animals; Applications Grants; Arthropods; Asians; Biology; Bite; Blood; Bovine Anaplasmosis; Classification; Colorado Tick Fever; Competence; Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever; Culicidae; DNA; Deposition; Dermacentor; Disease; Domestic Animals; Ecology; Epidemiology; Evolution; Family; Fever; Francisella tularensis; Genes; Geographic Distribution; Geographic Locations; Goals; Health Personnel; Human; Internet; Investigation; Ixodidae; Livestock; Maps; Medical; Methods; Mitochondria; Molecular; Monograph; Museums; North America; Nuclear; Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever; Organism; Paper; Paralysed; Phylogenetic Analysis; Phylogeny; Prevention; Recording of previous events; Research; Rickettsia; Rickettsia rickettsii; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Scientist; Specimen; Staging; System; Testing; Theileriasis; Tick Control; Tick-Borne Diseases; Ticks; Time; Training; Trees; Tularemia; Typhus; Vertebrates; Virus; Wild Animals; Work; base; human disease; improved; pathogen; pet animal; tool; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ticks are obligate blood-feeders and temporary ectoparasites of terrestrial vertebrates. Among arthropods, ticks are second only to mosquitoes in transmitting pathogens to humans, pets, livestock, and wild animals. Certain species of the genus Dermacentor are the most important tick-vectors from both the medical and veterinary perspectives; for example, they are vectors of Rickettsia rickettsii causing Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Rickettsia sibirica causing North Asian tick typhus; Rickettsia conori causing Boutenneuse fever; Francisella tularensis causing tularemia in humans; and pathogens causing anaplasmosis, babesioses, and theileriosis in animals. These species also transmit several viruses that cause human diseases. In North America, the bites of some species of Dermacentor can result in paralysis in humans and domestic animals. Correct identification of tick species, particularly in the immature stages, is essential for epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of tick-borne diseases. However, identifying Dermacentor species is challenging because we have no comprehensive work on their systematics; identifying the nymphal and larval stages is almost impossible due to the lack of taxonomic work. The overall objective of the proposed project is to develop a global-scale, comprehensive, and effective tool for identification of Dermacentor species, including their immature stages. This objective will be achieved through four specific aims: Aim 1. To produce a global-scale taxonomic revision of the genus Dermacentor; Aim 2. To produce tools to identify the immature stages of Dermacentor integrating all possible evidence; Aim 3. To develop a DNA barcode system for Dermacentor species; and Aim 4. To reconstruct a phylogeny for Dermacentor species using mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Impact. Identification of tick species is the first and essential step of study and management of tick- borne diseases. Conducted research on systematics of the Dermacentor ticks will allow better understanding of their ecology and geographic distribution which in turn will help in establishing and improving adequate methods of control these tick-vectors. Investigation of the evolutionary history of these ticks will help us to understand the evolution of vector competence and provide a strong basis for establishing a meaningful classification system. Our investigation will be the first of its kind and is fundamental to fulfilling our long-term goals, which are to produce comprehensive identification tools for all tick species of the family Ixodidae. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Ticks in the genus Dermacentor are important vectors of the organisms causing Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii), North Asian tick typhus (Rickettsia sibirica), Boutenneuse fever (Rickettsia conori), tularemia (Francisella tularensis), Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Colorado tick fever, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in humans. Identifying tick species correctly is an essential task for the study of tick vector biology and for the prevention and treatment of tick-borne diseases, but often a challenge work even for a well trained expert. This grant proposal is to develop effective identification tools for the Dermacentor ticks, which intergrade molecular, morphological, host, ecological, geographic, and vector information together and can be used by scientists and professionals in the fields of vector biology and tick-borne diseases.

描述（由申请方提供）：蜱是专性吸血动物，是陆生脊椎动物的暂时性体外寄生虫。在节肢动物中，蜱是仅次于蚊子的将病原体传播给人类、宠物、牲畜和野生动物的第二大病原体。从医学和兽医学的角度来看，革蜱属的某些物种是最重要的蜱媒;例如，它们是引起落基山斑疹热的立克次体、引起北亚蜱斑疹伤寒的西伯利亚立克次体、引起布滕纽斯热的康氏立克次体、引起人类土拉菌病的土拉热弗朗西丝氏菌以及引起动物无形体病、巴贝虫病和泰勒虫病的病原体的媒介。这些物种还传播导致人类疾病的几种病毒。在北美，某些革蜱物种的叮咬可导致人类和家畜瘫痪。正确识别蜱种，特别是在未成熟阶段，对于蜱传播疾病的流行病学，预防和治疗至关重要。然而，确定革蜱物种是具有挑战性的，因为我们没有全面的工作，他们的系统学;确定若虫和幼虫阶段几乎是不可能的，由于缺乏分类工作。拟议项目的总体目标是开发一个全球规模的，全面的，有效的工具，用于识别Dermacentor物种，包括其未成熟阶段。这一目标将通过四个具体目标实现：目标1。对革蜱属进行全球范围的分类学修订;目的2。生产工具来识别Dermacentor的不成熟阶段，整合所有可能的证据;目标3。开发革蜱属物种的DNA条形码系统;以及目标4。利用线粒体和核基因重建革蜱属物种的遗传学。冲击蜱种鉴定是蜱传疾病研究和管理的第一步，也是必不可少的一步.对革蜱的系统学进行研究将有助于更好地了解其生态和地理分布，这反过来将有助于建立和改进控制这些蜱媒的适当方法。对这些蜱类进化历史的研究将有助于我们理解媒介能力的进化，并为建立有意义的分类系统提供有力的基础。我们的调查将是同类中的第一次，对于实现我们的长期目标至关重要，我们的长期目标是为硬蜱科的所有蜱种提供全面的识别工具。 公共卫生相关性：革蜱属蜱是引起落基山斑疹热（立克次氏体）、北亚蜱斑疹伤寒（西伯利亚立克次体）、布滕纽斯热（康氏立克次体）、土拉热（土拉热弗朗西斯菌）、鄂木斯克出血热、科罗拉多蜱热和克里米亚-刚果出血热的重要媒介。正确识别蜱种是蜱媒生物学研究和蜱媒疾病预防和治疗的一项重要任务，但即使是训练有素的专家也经常面临挑战。该拨款提案旨在为Dermacentor蜱开发有效的识别工具，这些工具将分子，形态，宿主，生态，地理和媒介信息整合在一起，可供媒介生物学和蜱传疾病领域的科学家和专业人员使用。

项目成果

Microtomography of the Baltic amber tick Ixodes succineus reveals affinities with the modern Asian disease vector Ixodes ovatus.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0777-y
• 发表时间: 2016-10-10
• 期刊: BMC evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Dunlop JA;Apanaskevich DA;Lehmann J;Hoffmann R;Fusseis F;Ehlke M;Zachow S;Xiao X
• 通讯作者: Xiao X

Reinstatement of Dermacentor kamshadalus Neumann (Acari: Ixodidae) as a valid species parasitizing mountain goats and sheep in the United States, Canada, and Russia.

恢复 Dermacentor kamshadalus Neumann（螨虫：蜱科）在美国、加拿大和俄罗斯作为寄生山羊和绵羊的有效物种。

• DOI: 10.1603/me12278
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Journal of medical entomology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Apanaskevich,DmitryA

First description of the immature stages and redescription of the adults of Cosmiomma hippopotamensis (Acari: Ixodidae) with notes on its bionomics.

对 Cosmiomma hippopotamensis（螨虫：蜱科）成虫的未成熟阶段的首次描述和重新描述，并附有其生物学注释。

• DOI: 10.1603/me12271
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Journal of medical entomology
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Apanaskevich,DmitryA;Walker,JaneB;Heyne,Heloise;Bezuidenhout,JDürr;Horak,IvanG
• 通讯作者: Horak,IvanG

Redescription of Amblyomma integrum adults and immature stages.

重新描述完整钝眼虫成虫和未成熟阶段。

• DOI: 10.1111/mve.12178
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Medical and veterinary entomology
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Apanaskevich,DA;Bandaranayaka,KO;Apanaskevich,MA;Rajakaruna,RS
• 通讯作者: Rajakaruna,RS