Compensation for Coarticulation: Implications for the Basis and Architecture of S

描述(由申请人提供)：听者如何适应连通语音中的信号可变性，以实现感知上的恒定？当听者感知到语音(声音信号或产生声音信号的声道手势)时，他们感觉到了什么？尽管进行了广泛的研究，这些关于言语感知的基本问题仍然没有得到解决(Lotto&Kluender，1998；Fowler，2006)。这项拟议的项目位于这些问题的交叉点，并调查了协同发音的补偿--即听者对语音片段的感知被周围片段的特征改变的现象。在这个提案中，我们关注的是听众使用什么信息来补偿协同发音的问题。了解这一具体问题将直接有助于回答上述基本问题，并使现有的辩论更加清晰。为了实现这一目标，我们采取了一种平衡的理论方法，召集了一组从不同理论角度研究这一现象的调查人员。通过这种合作，我们试图通过组合新的操作(例如，使用信号转换的非母语语音上下文、过滤的语音)和扩展已建立的技术(例如，使用视听语音、正弦波语音)来研究协同发音的补偿。这种方法不仅有助于理解言语感知的工作原理，而且有助于开发健壮的自动语音识别系统，以及为难以产生完整的协同发音的患者提供干预措施(例如，成人的获得性言语失用，儿童的发育性言语失用，[例如，Southwood，1997；Whiteside等人，2010])。此外，该程序可以提供关于言语对象的经验指导，从而为语言缺陷干预提供信息，这些干预措施做出了基于理论的假设，即最好专注于听觉-感觉层面(例如，Earobics，Cognitive Concept Inc.，1998)或感知-手势层面(例如，LinDamood&LinDamood，2000)。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目调查听者如何处理协同发音的影响，并与为发育性言语失用(儿童)和后天言语失用(成人)的患者提供干预直接相关，这些患者产生完整连接言语的能力受到干扰(例如，Whiteside等人，2010年)。除了临床应用之外，这项研究还将直接指导我们开发自动语音识别系统的努力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): How do listeners accommodate signal variability in connected speech in order to achieve perceptual constancy? What do listeners perceive when they perceive speech (the acoustic signal or the vocal tract gestures that produce the acoustic signal)? These fundamental questions about speech perception continue to be unresolved despite extensive investigation (Lotto & Kluender, 1998; Fowler, 2006). The proposed project lies at the intersection of these questions and investigates compensation for coarticulation - the phenomenon that listeners' perception of a phonetic segment is altered by the characteristics of surrounding segments. In this proposal, we focus on the question of what information listeners use to compensate for coarticulation. Understanding this specific issue would contribute directly to answering the aforementioned fundamental questions and provide clarity to the exiting debate. In order to achieve this aim, we adopt a balanced theoretical approach by assembling a team of investigators that have investigated this phenomenon from different theoretical perspectives. Through this collaboration, we attempt to investigate compensation for coarticulation by combining novel manipulations (e.g., using signal transformed non-native speech contexts, filtered speech) and extending established techniques (e.g., using audiovisual speech, sinewave speech). This approach is not only valuable in understanding how speech perception works but will also aid in efforts to develop robust automatic speech recognition systems as well as inform interventions for patients who have trouble producing intact coarticulated speech (e.g., acquired apraxia of speech in adults, developmental apraxia of speech in children, [e.g., Southwood, 1997; Whiteside et al., 2010]). Furthermore, this program could provide empirical guidance as to the objects of speech that could inform language deficit interventions that make theory-based assumptions that it is best to focus on the auditory-sensory level (e.g. Earobics, Cognitive concepts Inc, 1998) or the perceptual-gestural level (e.g., Lindamood & Lindamood, 2000). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project investigates how listeners deal with the effects of coarticulation and is directly relevant to inform interventions for patients with developmental apraxia of speech (in children) and acquired apraxia of speech (in adults) in which these individuals' ability to produce intact connected speech is disrupted (e.g., Whiteside et al., 2010). In addition to the clinical application this research will directly inform our efforts to develop automatic speech recognition systems.