Compensation for Coarticulation: Implications for the Basis and Architecture of S

描述（由申请人提供）：听者如何适应连接语音中的信号变异性以实现感知恒定？当听众感知语音时，他们感知到的是什么（声信号或产生声信号的声道手势）？尽管进行了广泛的调查，但这些关于语音感知的基本问题仍然没有得到解决（Lotto & Kluender, 1998; Fowler, 2006）。拟议的项目位于这些问题的交叉点，并研究协同发音的补偿-听众对语音段的感知被周围音段的特征改变的现象。在本建议中，我们关注的问题是，听众使用什么信息来补偿协同发音。了解这一具体问题将直接有助于回答上述基本问题，并使目前的辩论更加清晰。为了实现这一目标，我们通过组建一个从不同理论角度研究这一现象的研究小组，采用平衡的理论方法。通过这次合作，我们试图通过结合新的操作（例如，使用信号转换的非母语语音上下文，过滤语音）和扩展已建立的技术（例如，使用视听语音，正弦波语音）来研究协同发音的补偿。这种方法不仅在理解语音感知如何工作方面有价值，而且还有助于开发强大的自动语音识别系统，并为产生完整的连贯语音有困难的患者提供干预措施（例如，成人获得性语言失用症，儿童发展性语言失用症，[例如，Southwood, 1997； Whiteside等人，2010]）。此外，该程序可以提供关于言语对象的经验指导，可以为语言缺陷干预提供依据，从而做出基于理论的假设，即最好关注听觉-感觉水平（例如，Earobics, Cognitive concepts Inc, 1998）或感知-手势水平（例如，Lindamood & Lindamood, 2000）。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): How do listeners accommodate signal variability in connected speech in order to achieve perceptual constancy? What do listeners perceive when they perceive speech (the acoustic signal or the vocal tract gestures that produce the acoustic signal)? These fundamental questions about speech perception continue to be unresolved despite extensive investigation (Lotto & Kluender, 1998; Fowler, 2006). The proposed project lies at the intersection of these questions and investigates compensation for coarticulation - the phenomenon that listeners' perception of a phonetic segment is altered by the characteristics of surrounding segments. In this proposal, we focus on the question of what information listeners use to compensate for coarticulation. Understanding this specific issue would contribute directly to answering the aforementioned fundamental questions and provide clarity to the exiting debate. In order to achieve this aim, we adopt a balanced theoretical approach by assembling a team of investigators that have investigated this phenomenon from different theoretical perspectives. Through this collaboration, we attempt to investigate compensation for coarticulation by combining novel manipulations (e.g., using signal transformed non-native speech contexts, filtered speech) and extending established techniques (e.g., using audiovisual speech, sinewave speech). This approach is not only valuable in understanding how speech perception works but will also aid in efforts to develop robust automatic speech recognition systems as well as inform interventions for patients who have trouble producing intact coarticulated speech (e.g., acquired apraxia of speech in adults, developmental apraxia of speech in children, [e.g., Southwood, 1997; Whiteside et al., 2010]). Furthermore, this program could provide empirical guidance as to the objects of speech that could inform language deficit interventions that make theory-based assumptions that it is best to focus on the auditory-sensory level (e.g. Earobics, Cognitive concepts Inc, 1998) or the perceptual-gestural level (e.g., Lindamood & Lindamood, 2000). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project investigates how listeners deal with the effects of coarticulation and is directly relevant to inform interventions for patients with developmental apraxia of speech (in children) and acquired apraxia of speech (in adults) in which these individuals' ability to produce intact connected speech is disrupted (e.g., Whiteside et al., 2010). In addition to the clinical application this research will directly inform our efforts to develop automatic speech recognition systems.