Improved Hygiene Measures for Australian Child Care Centres: A randomised controlled trial

改善澳大利亚儿童保育中心的卫生措施：一项随机对照试验

• 批准号: nhmrc : 100009
• 负责人: Prof Ross Bailie
• 金额: $ 29.38万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2000-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/improved-hygiene-measures-controlled-trial/76640
• 关键词: Improved; Hygiene; Measures; Australian; Child

Roughly fifty percent of young Australian children receive care outside their home. As greater numbers of women choose to continue working after childbirth, the proportion of children exposed to group care in the first few years of life will continue to increase. In developed countries child care attendance has been shown to be the most important modifiable risk factor for respiratory tract infections and otitis media. A previous study in nine Darwin child care centres demonstrated high rates of respiratory tract infections, otitis media, antibiotic use and colonisation with both penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant pneumococci. This study will assess the impact of simple hygiene measures on rates of pneumococcal colonisation, respiratory infection, otitis media, and pneumococcal antibiotic resistance. Twenty child care centres will be randomised to receive additional training and education in the prevention of spread of respiratory infection or routine care. Outcomes measures will include the number of new infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, reported illnesses, and rates of otitis media and nasal discharge documented by fortnightly examination with video recording and tympanometry. Efficacy of the intervention will be estimated at the end of the school year (9 months after the intervention) to avoid bias associated with changes in the child care environment that occur over the school holidays. The centres randomised to routine care will receive the full intervention at the completion of the study and all centres will be re-assessed 6 months .

大约百分之五十的澳大利亚幼儿在家里接受照顾。随着越来越多的妇女选择在产后继续工作，在生命最初几年接受集体护理的儿童比例将继续增加。在发达国家，儿童保育出勤率已被证明是呼吸道感染和中耳炎最重要的可改变危险因素。此前在达尔文九个儿童保育中心进行的一项研究表明，呼吸道感染、中耳炎、抗生素使用以及青霉素敏感和青霉素耐药肺炎球菌的定植率很高。这项研究将评估简单的卫生措施对肺炎球菌定植、呼吸道感染、中耳炎和肺炎球菌抗生素耐药性的影响。二十个儿童保育中心将随机接受额外的培训和教育，以预防呼吸道感染传播或常规护理。结果指标将包括肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血杆菌的新感染人数、报告的疾病以及每两周通过视频记录和鼓室导抗测试记录的中耳炎和鼻分泌物发生率。干预措施的效果将在学年结束时（干预后 9 个月）进行评估，以避免因学校假期期间托儿环境变化而产生偏差。随机接受常规护理的中心将在研究完成后接受全面干预，所有中心将在 6 个月内重新评估。