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Communication Ability and Work Re-Entry in Adults with Brain Injury

脑损伤成人的沟通能力和重新进入工作

基本信息

批准号：
8326377
负责人：
Peter Andrew Meulenbroek
金额：
$ 3.01万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-01 至 2013-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8326377
关键词：
Accounting Acquired Communication Disorders Address Adult Age Area Behavior Brain Injuries Categories Classification Clinical Cognition Communication Communication impairment Competence Data Discriminant Analysis Economics Employee Employment Ensure Failure Family Caregiver Gender Goals Health Health Personnel Human Resources Impairment Individual Injury Intervention Interview Knowledge Laboratories Language Learning Life Link Literature Logistic Regressions Maintenance Maps Matched Group Measures Memory Methods Middle East Names Neurorehabilitation Occupations Outcome Participant Persons Play Procedures Publishing Quality of life Race Rehabilitation therapy Reporting Research Role Sampling Science Services Societies Source Specific qualifier value Staging Step Tests Stress Survivors TBI Patients Techniques Testing Translations Traumatic Brain Injury Treatment/Psychosocial Effects Unemployment United States Ursidae Family Vocational rehabilitation War Work Workplace base cognitive function cost disability evidence base executive function experience improved innovation rehabilitation science skills task analysis text searching theories young adult

项目摘要

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability among young adults in the United States. A major negative outcome from TBI is loss of employment, which is a source of diminished quality of life and economic stress for TBI survivors, their families, caregivers, and society, which often has to bear the costs. There is clear evidence that communication skills are important for successful employment in general, but little progress has been made in specifying the types of communication skills necessary for successful return to work in adults with TBI. In addition, based on literature searches, there have been no published studies characterizing the communication demands of different types of occupations. This proposal uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to address this gap in knowledge by first identifying communication demands of one specific category of occupation, semi- professional work (Aim 1), then identifying the communication predictors of return to that type of work following TBI (Aim 2). Semi-professional employment is important because semi-professional workers are highly likely to attempt to return to that occupation following TBI. Although communication variables are thought to be an important predictor of return to work, the current state of the science in this area does not allow for hypothesis testing of specific communication variables in workplaces. Therefore, Aim 1 will use qualitative interview and field observation procedures to identify the most relevant communication variables in the semi-professional workplace. These variables will then be matched to standardized tests of communication functions, which will be used to test the hypothesis in Aim 2. For Aim 2, a sample of 40 participants with TBI will be divided into two groups: successfully employed adults with TBI vs. those who were unsuccessful in maintaining semi-professional employment post-injury. Both groups will be administered the tests identified in Aim 1, and discriminant analysis using logistic regression will be used to test the hypothesis that communication variables differentiate between the two groups and thus are linked employment outcome. Findings from this study will make a substantive contribution to research on outcomes from TBI and address translation of laboratory-based measures to outcomes in everyday life. The results also will have clinical utility, allowing for improved targeting of treatment approaches for individuals with communication deficits following TBI. This proposal starts a line of research that will ultimately not only inform theories of outcome after TBI but also generate a taxonomic classification of occupations according to communication demands that can be used to study individuals with a wide variety of communication disorders.

创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是美国年轻人残疾的主要原因。创伤性脑损伤的一个主要负面后果是失业，这是创伤性脑损伤幸存者、他们的家人、照顾者和社会生活质量下降和经济压力的根源，而社会往往不得不承担这些费用。有明确的证据表明，沟通技能是成功就业的重要因素，但在具体说明TBI成年人成功重返工作岗位所需的沟通技能类型方面取得的进展甚微。此外，根据文献检索，还没有发表的研究，不同类型的职业的通信需求的特点。该建议采用定性和定量相结合的方法，首先确定一个特定类别的职业，半专业工作（目标1）的沟通需求，然后确定沟通预测返回到这类工作后，创伤性脑损伤（目标2），以解决这一知识差距。半专业就业很重要，因为半专业工人在TBI后极有可能试图返回该职业。虽然沟通变量被认为是一个重要的预测返回工作，目前的科学在这方面的状态不允许在工作场所的具体沟通变量的假设检验。因此，目标1将使用定性访谈和实地观察程序，以确定最相关的沟通变量在半专业的工作场所。然后将这些变量与通信功能的标准化测试相匹配，这些测试将用于测试目标2中的假设。对于目标2，40名TBI参与者的样本将被分为两组：成功就业的TBI成年人与受伤后未能维持半专业就业的人。两组都将进行目标1中确定的测试，并使用逻辑回归进行判别分析，以检验以下假设：沟通变量区分两组，因此与就业结果相关。这项研究的结果将为TBI结果的研究做出实质性贡献，并将实验室测量转化为日常生活中的结果。这些结果也将具有临床实用性，可以改善TBI后沟通障碍患者的治疗方法的靶向。这项提议启动了一系列研究，最终不仅将为TBI后的结果提供理论依据，而且还将根据沟通需求生成职业分类，可用于研究各种沟通障碍的个体。