The MHC of wild chimpanzees: genetic variation, disease and reproductive success

野生黑猩猩的 MHC:遗传变异、疾病和繁殖成功

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8287100
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 5.22万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-07-01 至 2013-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a cluster of genes critical to the immune response since it codes for antigen-presenting proteins in all vertebrates. It maintains a high level of polymorphism and has been linked to disease and parasite resistance and reproductive success. Studies of the MHC in wild animal populations in their natural environment are essential to understanding MHC function, selective pressures and evolutionary history. The long-term goal is to understand how the MHC influences health and reproduction in humans. The objective of this proposal is to examine the genetic variation and function of the MHC in the first study of wild chimpanzees. They are a valuable model system for humans because they are our closest living relative and have over 98% identical genomes and similar social patterns but less socioeconomic confounds. The study will 1) Characterize the MHC genetic variation in the chimpanzee population (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania; 2) Examine the correlation between MHC genotype and health measures, including parasite load and disease susceptibility; 3) Investigate the relationship between MHC genotype and reproductive success. Chimpanzees will be genotyped at MHC class I (A, B, C) and class II (DR, DQ, DP) classical loci using DNA isolated non-invasively from feces. Genetic variation will be characterized within chimpanzees and will also be compared to that of comparable human populations. Measures of health and reproductive success will be correlated with the presence or absence of particular alleles as well as the degree of heterozygosity of individuals. MHC-matched mating pairs will also be tested for evidence of decreased reproductive success compared to MHC-unmatched pairs. Immunogenetic study of MHC polymorphism and function is essential because MHC polymorphism, and its role in self and non-self recognition, is a key factor causing tissue transplant rejection. This study will also further the understanding of disease resistance as studies suggest MHC allelic composition and diversity are directly related to immunocompetence. Furthermore, it will contribute to the understanding of infertility and failed pregnancy due to particular deleterious alleles and the degree of heterozygosity of individuals, as well as parental MHC matching.
主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)是一组对免疫反应至关重要的基因,因为它编码所有脊椎动物中的抗原呈递蛋白。它保持了高水平的多态性,并与疾病和寄生虫抗性和繁殖成功有关。研究野生动物群体在自然环境中的MHC对于理解MHC的功能、选择压力和进化历史是必不可少的。长期目标是了解MHC如何影响人类的健康和生殖。这项计划的目的是在首次对野生黑猩猩的研究中检查MHC的遗传变异和功能。它们是人类的一个有价值的模型系统,因为它们是我们最近的亲戚,有超过98%的相同基因组和相似的社会模式,但社会经济混乱较少。该研究将1)描述坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园黑猩猩种群(Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)中MHC遗传变异的特征; 2)检查MHC基因型与健康措施之间的相关性,包括寄生虫负荷和疾病易感性; 3)调查MHC基因型与繁殖成功之间的关系。使用从粪便中非侵入性分离的DNA,在MHC I类(A、B、C)和II类(DR、DQ、DP)经典基因座对黑猩猩进行基因分型。遗传变异将在黑猩猩中进行表征,并与可比较的人类种群进行比较。健康和繁殖成功的措施将与特定等位基因的存在或不存在以及个体的杂合性程度相关。还将对MHC匹配的交配对进行检测,以确定与MHC不匹配的配对相比生殖成功率降低的证据。MHC多态性及其在自我和非自我识别中的作用是导致组织移植排斥反应的关键因素,因此对MHC多态性及其功能的免疫遗传学研究是必要的。这项研究也将进一步了解抗病性,因为研究表明MHC等位基因的组成和多样性与免疫活性直接相关。此外,它将有助于理解不孕症和失败的怀孕由于特定的有害等位基因和个体的杂合性程度,以及父母的MHC匹配。

项目成果

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Emily Elizabeth Wroblewski其他文献

Emily Elizabeth Wroblewski的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Emily Elizabeth Wroblewski', 18)}}的其他基金

The MHC of wild chimpanzees: genetic variation, disease and reproductive success
野生黑猩猩的 MHC:遗传变异、疾病和繁殖成功
  • 批准号:
    8099683
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.22万
  • 项目类别:
The MHC of wild chimpanzees: genetic variation, disease and reproductive success
野生黑猩猩的 MHC:遗传变异、疾病和繁殖成功
  • 批准号:
    7999464
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 5.22万
  • 项目类别:

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