PS11-003 Minority AIDS Research Initiative

PS11-003 少数民族艾滋病研究计划

• 批准号: 8544676
• 负责人: Margaret Rose Pereyra
• 金额: $ 12.85万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8544676
• 关键词: PS11; 003; Minority; AIDS; Research

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal responds to the category number 5 - "Health Services Research to Assess Feasibility of Dental-based, Pharmacy-based, or other Non-traditional Venue-based HIV Testing and Linkage to Care Opportunities in Underserved Communities" listed in the funding announcement RFA-PS-11-003, Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI) to Build Capacity in Black and Hispanic Communities and Among Black and Hispanic Researchers to Conduct HIV/AIDS Epidemiologic and Prevention Research. The recent introduction of rapid HIV testing offers an especially promising screening approach for facilitating earlier diagnosis of HIV infection. In September, 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released new testing guidelines making it a priority to bring HIV screening into outpatient health care settings. In December, 2008, the American College of Physicians and HIV Medicine Association issued a guidance statement that recommended that all patients over the age of 13 should be encouraged to receive an HIV test at least once. Several national meetings organized by the CDC, the National Association of Community Health Centers and state dental associations have discussed the roll-out of rapid HIV testing in the dental care setting. Some dentists have also begun to offer HIV rapid testing in their practices. Yet, despite these advances, little data are currently available that inform the feasibility of offering such services. One area of particular interest is that patients do not expect to be offered HIV testing in the dental care setting, and therefore may not accept such services if offered. This has been a concern for dentists in considering offering HIV testing in the dental care setting. To fill this need for information, we propose to explore patients' perspectives about oral HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting. We will conduct a combination of patient interviews, dental record reviews, and qualitative interviews with dentists and dental hygienists to 1) determine the rate at which patients accept an oral HIV rapid test in the dental care setting when offered by a dentist or dental hygienist, 2) describe the reasons patients report for accepting or rejecting an offer of an oral HIV rapid test in the dental care setting, and 3) describe dentists' and dental hygienists' attitudes toward offering and conducting oral HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting. The data collected in this study will be used to inform public health officials, dental care professionals, policymakers and researchers about factors associated with patients' acceptance of oral rapid HIV testing in the dental care setting. The study will also help to identify settings and/or groups of patients most inclined to accept HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting and will provide findings relevant to resource allocation. The proposed project will be a collaboration among the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, the Jessie Trice Community Health Center, and Care Resource, Inc., all in Miami- Dade County, Florida. Dr. Margaret Pereyra, a Dominican-American Assistant Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, will serve as Principal Investigator and will be mentored by Dr. Lisa Metsch, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, with over 17 years of experience in conducting NIH and CDC-funded HIV prevention and care research.

说明（由申请人提供）：本提案响应资助公告 RFA-PS-11-003 中列出的第 5 类——“评估基于牙科、药房或其他非传统场所的 HIV 检测的可行性以及与服务不足社区护理机会的联系的卫生服务研究”、少数族裔 HIV/艾滋病研究计划 (MARI) 的黑人和西班牙裔社区能力建设以及在黑人和 西班牙裔研究人员将开展艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病学和预防研究。最近引入的快速艾滋病毒检测为促进艾滋病毒感染的早期诊断提供了一种特别有前途的筛查方法。 2006 年 9 月，美国疾病控制与预防中心 (CDC) 发布了新的检测指南，将 HIV 筛查纳入门诊医疗机构作为优先事项。 2008年12月，美国内科医师学会和艾滋病毒医学协会发布了一份指导声明，建议鼓励所有13岁以上的患者至少接受一次艾滋病毒检测。疾病预防控制中心、全国社区健康中心协会和州牙科协会组织的几次全国会议讨论了在牙科护理机构中推广艾滋病毒快速检测的问题。一些牙医也开始在他们的诊所中提供艾滋病毒快速检测服务。然而，尽管取得了这些进步，但目前可提供的数据很少可以说明提供此类服务的可行性。一个特别令人感兴趣的领域是，患者不希望在牙科护理机构中接受艾滋病毒检测，因此如果提供此类服务，他们可能不会接受。这是牙医在考虑在牙科护理机构中提供艾滋病毒检测时所关心的问题。为了满足这种信息需求，我们建议探讨患者对牙科护理环境中口腔艾滋病毒快速检测的看法。我们将结合患者访谈、牙科记录审查以及对牙医和牙科保健员的定性访谈，以 1) 确定患者在牙科护理机构中接受牙医或牙科保健员提供的口腔 HIV 快速检测的比率，2) 描述患者报告接受或拒绝牙科护理机构中提供的口腔 HIV 快速检测的原因，以及 3) 描述牙医和牙科保健机构的口腔 HIV 快速检测结果。 卫生员对在牙科护理环境中提供和进行口腔艾滋病毒快速检测的态度。本研究收集的数据将用于向公共卫生官员、牙科保健专业人员、政策制定者和研究人员通报与患者在牙科保健环境中接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测相关的因素。该研究还将有助于确定最倾向于在牙科护理机构中接受艾滋病毒快速检测的环境和/或患者群体，并将提供与资源分配相关的发现。拟议的项目将由迈阿密大学米勒医学院、杰西·特里斯社区健康中心和护理资源公司（均位于佛罗里达州迈阿密戴德县）合作。迈阿密大学米勒医学院流行病学和公共卫生助理教授 Margaret Pereyra 博士将担任首席研究员，并受到流行病学和公共卫生教授 Lisa Metsch 博士的指导，Lisa Metsch 博士在进行 NIH 和 CDC 资助的艾滋病毒预防和护理研究方面拥有超过 17 年的经验。