6 Year Study of Seniors Neighborhood Environments, Physical Activity & Function

6-老年人的研究。社区环境，身体活动和功能IOM，CDC和其他人建议改变建筑环境以改善身体活动（PA）。这种变化可能对老年人等弱势群体最重要，他们最不活跃，也最少被研究。科学家们一直呼吁对建筑环境和PA进行前瞻性研究。这项研究是对老年社区生活质量研究（SNQLS）队列的6年随访，这些队列是66岁以上的社区居民，选择这些居民来最大限度地提高步行能力和收入的变化。对现有数据的分析表明，邻里环境与PA和BMI有关。SNQLS在方法上比其他研究更先进，对环境和PA进行了客观和感知的测量，前瞻性随访可以加强因果关系的证据。一个关键的创新是重新评估PA相关的环境特征，包括步行能力（GIS测量的混合使用和街道连通性），微观特征（系统观察和自我报告的街景细节，如人行道质量，街道交叉口的安全性），以及访问高级相关的娱乐设施（GIS和报告）。除了重复加速度计测量外，我们还将增加对社区内移动性的GPS评估。目的1，生态模型的指导下，是解释模式的变化PA从7天加速度超过6年的邻里环境和心理变量的综合措施。次要目的将评估PA 6年变化与环境指标之间关系的调节因子（例如，身体功能），以及身体功能、交通和娱乐行走、BMI和久坐时间的经验证指标中6年变化的环境相关性。探索性目标将评估改变住所的影响，并检查GPS测量的流动性及其健康后果的相关性。基于初步数据，我们预计将测量70%（预计随访N=603）在时间点1参与的样本。这项研究将填补有关环境与老年人多种健康结果关系的知识空白。该跨学科团队将利用研究结果推进环境和健康科学，并为设计支持健康老龄化的社区制定循证指南。

6-Year Study of Seniors. Neighborhood Environments, Physical Activity & Function Built environment changes have been recommended by the IOM, CDC, and others to improve physical activity (PA). Such changes may be most important for vulnerable groups like older adults who are least active and least studied. Scientists consistently call for prospective studies of built environment and PA. The proposed study is a 6-year follow-up of the Senior Neighborhood Quality of Life Study (SNQLS) cohort of 66+ year-old residents of neighborhoods selected to maximize variability in walk ability and income. Analyses of current data show neighborhood environments are related to PA and BMI. SNQLS is more methodologically advanced than other studies, with objective and perceived measures of both environments and PA, and a prospective follow-up can strengthen evidence of causality. A key innovation is re-assessment of the full range of PA-related environmental characteristics, including walk ability (GIS measured mixed use & street connectivity), microscale features (systematically observed and self-reported streetscape details such as sidewalk quality, safety of street crossings), and access to senior-relevant recreation facilities (GIS and reported). In addition to repeating accelerometer measures, we will add GPS assessment of mobility within neighborhoods. Aim 1, guided by ecological models, is to explain patterns of change in PA from 7-day accelerometry over 6 years by comprehensive measures of neighborhood environments and psychosocial variables. Secondary aims will assess moderators (eg, physical function) of the relationship of 6-year change in PA with environmental measures and environmental correlates of 6-year changes in a validated measure of physical function, walking for transport and recreation, BMI, and sedentary time. Exploratory aims will assess the impact of changing residences and examine correlates of GPS-measured mobility and its health consequences. Based on pilot data, we expect to measure 70% (projected follow-up N=603) of the sample who participated at Time 1. The study will fill many gaps in knowledge about the relation of environments to multiple health outcomes in seniors. The interdisciplinary team will use results to advance the science of environments and health and develop evidence-based guidelines for designing neighborhoods that support healthy aging.