Bedside monitoring of endotracheal tube position

描述(由申请人提供)：该项目的目标是开发一种创新、准确和低成本的技术，用于床边持续(与间歇)监测气管插管(ETT)定位。新的ETT错位检测器(ET-MD)使用呼吸音的自动分析，将能够检测支气管插管和拔管(分别将管子滑入支气管内或滑出气管)。气管插管可能是由于插管操作或病人移动引起的，可能会导致严重的缺氧和肺不张(也可能是气压伤和呼吸机肺的气胸)。虽然拔管可能会在一段时间后在临床上显现出来，但即时识别可以帮助避免缺氧。ET-MD手术利用了呼吸音依赖于肺通风的物理原理。ET-MD有两个基本组件：1)声学传感器和2)计算和显示模块，用于分析声学信号并报告指示ETT位置的相关指标。我们建议在可能的使用条件下构建和测试原型。在这里，我们将在动物身上研究房间噪音、外来声音和传感器定位误差的影响。此外，该设备还将在患有和不患有肺部疾病和肥胖的受试者身上进行测试。关键词：(最多8个)声学、气管插管、插管、错位、呼吸声、诊断。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The objective of this project is to develop an innovative, accurate, and low-cost technology for bedside continuous (vs. intermittent) monitoring of endotracheal tube (ETT) positioning. The new ETT malposition detector (ET-MD) uses automated analysis of breath sounds and will be able to detect bronchial intubation and extubation (tube slippage into the bronchus or out of the trachea, respectively). Broncheal intubation may occur due to tube manipulation or patient movement and may lead to significant hypoxia and atelectasis (and possibly barotrauma and pneumothorax of the ventilated lung). Although extubation may become clinically apparent after some time, instant recognition can help avoid hypoxia. The ET-MD operation exploits the physics principle of the dependence of breath sounds on lung ventilation. There are two essential ET-MD components: 1) Acoustic sensors and 2) Computational and display module that analyzes acoustic signals and reports relevant metrics indicative of ETT location. We propose to construct and test a prototype under likely use conditions. Here, effects of room noise, adventitious sounds, and sensor positioning errors will be investigated in animals. In addition, the device will be tested in human subjects with and without pulmonary conditions and obesity. Key words: (8 maximum) Acoustics, endotracheal tube, intubation, malpositioning, breath sounds, diagnosis.